A Chinese Herb Prescription "Fang-gan Decoction" Protects Against Damage to Lung and Colon Epithelial Cells Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein by Regulating the TGF-β/Smad2/3 and NF-κB Pathways / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To explore the effects and mechanisms of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, "Fang-gan Decoction" (FGD), in protecting against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-induced lung and intestinal injuries in vitro and in vivo.Methods Female BALB/c mice and three cell lines pretreated with FGD were stimulated with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (spike protein). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and pathologic scoring of tissues, cell permeability and viability, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression in the lung and colon were detected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the levels of inflammatory factors in serum and cell supernatant. The expression of NF-κB p65, p-NF-κB p65, p-IκBα, p-Smad2/3, TGF-β1, Caspase3, and Bcl-2 was evaluated by Western blotting.Results FGD protected against the damage to the lung and colon caused by the spike protein in vivo and in vitro according to the pathologic score and cell permeability and viability (P<0.05). FGD up-regulated ACE2 expression, which was reduced by the spike protein in the lung and colon, significantly improved the deregulation of inflammatory markers caused by the spike protein, and regulated the activity of TGF-β/Smads and NF-κB signaling.Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine has a protective effect on lung and intestinal tissue injury stimulated by the spike protein through possible regulatory functions of the NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad pathways with tissue type specificity.

25G lens resection combined with anterior vitrectomy in the treatment of congenital cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy of 25G lens resection combined with anterior vitrectomy in the treatment of congenital cataract.<p>METHODS: This retrospective case series study included 55 eyes of 38 children with congenital cataract, age from 3mo to 5 years old, who were recruited between May 2013 and August 2017. The children were divided into two groups according to the different surgical methods. Group A(25 eyes of 17 children)received a 25G sutureless lensectomy combined with capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy, and group B(30 eyes of 21 children)received a cataract phacoemulsification combined with capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy. The mean follow-up time was 43.4(range: 36-74)mo. The postoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), axial length, and complications were compared. <p>RESULTS: The age, sex distribution, duration, preoperative BCVA, and preoperative axial lengths were not significantly different between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). The BCVA improved significantly at postoperative compared with BCVA at baseline in both gorups(Group A: <i>P</i><0.001; Group B: <i>P</i><0.001). The BCVA was better in Group A than Group B at 6mo postoperatively(<i>P</i>=0.043). No statistically significant difference was found in BCVA between the two groups at 12, 24 and 36mo after initial treatment(<i>P</i>=0.727, <i>P</i>=0.286, <i>P</i>=0.889). No statistically significant difference was found in axial lengths between 6mo of postoperation and preoperation in both groups(Group A: <i>P</i>=0.206, Group B: <i>P</i>=0.082). The mean postoperative axial lengths at 12, 24 and 36mo were longer than that at baseline in both group(Group A: <i>P</i>=0.023, <i>P</i>=0.015, <i>P</i><0.01, Group B: <i>P</i>=0.018, <i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.01). There were no significantly different in mean axial length after operation between the two groups(6mo: <i>P</i>=0.195, 12mo: <i>P</i>=0.313, 24mo: <i>P</i>=0.485, 36mo: <i>P</i>=0.089). The rate of postoperative complications was lower in Group A than Group B(<i>P</i>=0.042).<p>CONCLUSION: 25G sutureless lensectomy combined with capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy is an effective and safe treatment method for congenital cataract, the visual acuity after treatment was improved significantly.

Effects of Emodin Derivative on Cell Cycle, Apoptosis and NF-κB Pathway in Burkitt Lymphoma Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect and mechanism of a novel emodin derivative YX-18 on Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells.@*METHODS@#MTT assay was used to detect the effect of YX-18 on the proliferation of BL cell lines CA46 and Raji. Annexin V-PE/7-AAD double staining assay was used for detecting the effect of YX-18 on the apoptosis of CA46 and Raji cells. PI/RNase staining was used to test the effect of YX-18 on CA46 and Raji cell cycle. JC-1 method was used to measure the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential after YX-18 treatment, and DAPI staining was used to detect the morphology of apoptotic cells. Western blot was used to analyze the distribution changes of NF-κB pathway protein (P65, P-P65, IκB, P-IκB) in the cytoplasm and cell nucleus, and also the expression changes of cyclin-related protein P21, CDK2, P-CDK2, Cycling D1, Cycling E1, and the apoptosis-related protein Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 and the proliferation-related protein C-MYC, BCL-2 by YX-18. Real-time fluorescence-quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the effects of YX-18 on mRNA levels of C-MYC and Ki-67 genes in CA46 and Raji cells, and EBNA-1 and EBER genes of EBV in Raji (EBV@*RESULTS@#Novel Emodin derivative YX-18 could effectively inhibit the proliferation of BL cell lines CA46 and Raji, showing a time-dependent effect (24, 48 and 72 h: r@*CONCLUSION@#The novel emodin derivative YX-18 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of Burkitt lymphoma cells, and induce the cell apoptosis and cycle arrest. The inhibitory effect of YX-18 on the proliferation of Burkitt lymphoma cells may be related with the effect of Caspase apoptosis pathway, the proliferation and apoptosis-related molecules, such as C-MYC and Ki-67, and also to the inhibition of NF-κB pathway.

Application of double-low technique and iterative reconstruction in 64-slice MSCT pulmonary angiography / 医疗卫生装备

The development of CT and the clinical application of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in diagnosing pulmonary embolism were introduced,and the methods for decreasing CTPA radiation dose and the importance of iterative reconstruction for low-dose scanning were analyzed.The development and application of contrast agent were described,and the ways to reduce contrast agent dose was expounded.Double-low CTPA combined with iterative reconstruction was pointed out to decrease greatly the radiation dose and contrast agent iodine dose while ensured image quality,and thus the damages to the patient by radiation and contrast agent could be lowered at the most.

Observation of curative effect of bronchoscope implantation radioactive 125I particles in the treatment of central type lung cancer with atelectasis / 天津医药

Objective To investigate short-term efficacy and safety of bronchoscope implantation radioactive 125I particle in the treatment of central type lung cancer with atelectasis.Methods Bronchoscopy implantation radioactivity 125I particles were used for treatment of 21 patients with central lung cancer.The puncture points were selected at 12:00,3:00, 6:00,9:00 on the center of the tumor surface.After penetrating into the lesions,each particle distance was kept about 0.5 cm,and 6-10 particles were implanted.The cough and gasp index were observed in patients after 2 weeks of surgery.The bronchial lumen dilatation variety was observed by bronchoscopy 1 month after surgery. The chest CT was re-checked to review the situation of atelectasis. Results The cough and gasp index were reduced 2 weeks after surgery (P<0.01). Compared with preoperation,18 cases showed bronchial lumen enlarged and 6 cases showed the lumen new biological mass disappeared completely after operation. The chest CT scan one month after surgery showed that atelectasis re-expansion completely in 13 cases,partial re-expansion in 8 cases.All of patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months,and the median survival was 12 months with less complications. Conclusion The bronchoscope implantation radioactive 125I particles are effective and safe for treatment of central type lung cancer with atelectasis.

Discussion on the Method and Practice of Performance Management of Large Medical Equipment in Hospital / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To discuss the performance management method for large medical equipments in hospitals.Methods:13 large medical equipments in a large hospital were selected as samples and the economic efficiency analysis method and comprehensive evaluation method were aaplied to carry out performance management of medical equipment.Results:11 sets of medical equipment had good economic returns,the remaining 2 sets of equipments had a greater degree of loss due to lack of business and lack of qualification.Conclusion:Performance management of large medical equipments would help change the efficiency management of equipment from extensive to elaborate management.

The different timing of removing indwelling urinary catheter for puerperas who use patient controlled analgesia after cesarean section:a meta- analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To assess the effects of removing indwelling urinary catheter at different timing on urinary retention puerper as who use patient controlled analgesia(PCA)after cesarean section. Methods Taking the database of PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Medline,CNKI,CBM,VIP and Wanfang before December 2016 as the retrieval sources; collecting the Results of randomized controlled trial(RCT) about the incidence of postpartum urinary retention with PCA which removing the ureteral catheter after 24 hours, 36 hours, and 48 hours respectively; using RevMan 5.3 software for statistical analysis. Results A total of 10 study papers were collected, included involving 1 639 maternity patients.The incidence of urinary retention with ureteral catheter removal after 24 hours was higher than after 36 hours, the difference was statistically significant (RR=4.95, 95% CI 3.67-6.68, P<0.01); the incidence of urinary retention with ureteral catheter removal after 36 hours was higher than after 48 hours, the difference was statistically significant(RR=3.00,95% CI 1.66-5.41,P<0.01);the incidence of urinary retention with ureteral catheter removal after 24 hours was higher than after 48 hours the difference was statistically significant (RR=11.84, 95% CI 7.84-18.66, P<0.01). Conclusion In order to prevent the occurrence of urinary retention,the more appropriate timing to remove the urinary catheter after cesarean section with PCA is after 48 hours.

Experimental study on simvastatin for inhibiting oxidative stress after acute myocardial infarction in rats / 重庆医学

Objective To establish the rat myocardial infarction model to observe the effects of different kinds of doses of simv-astatin for inhibiting the oxidative stress after myocardial infarction ,and to explore the potential mechanism of different doses of simvastatin for improving the rat ventricular remodeling and cardiac function .Methods The coronary artery anterior descending branch was ligated for establishing the myocardial infarction rat model and the different doses of simvastatin (20 ,40 ,60 mg · kg -1 · d-1 ) were given for intervention .After 4 weeks ,the cardiac ventricular remodeling indicators ,superoxide dismutase(SOD) and cop-per zinc superoxide dismutase(CuZn-SOD) activity in myocardium ,blood H2 O2 level were detected and the detection results were compared with those in the sham operation group .Results The rat ventricular remodeling in the myocardial infarction group (M group) was significant ,the left ventricular mass index (LVWI) was elevated ,the heart rate was increased and the hemodynamics was disordered(P<0 .05) .The SOD and CuZn-SOD expression in the myocardium and blood H2O2 expression were elevated(P<0 .05) .The LVW1 in different doses of simvastatin intervention groups were decreased compared with the myocardial infarction group(P<0 .05) ,the heart rate was decreased ,SOD and CuZn-SOD expression and blood H2 O2 expression were decreased ,the he-modynamics was improved(P<0 .05) ,especially which in the high dose atorvastatin intervention group (60 mg · kg -1 · d-1 ) were more significant .Conclusion Simvastatin reduces the expression of oxidative stress after acute myocardial infarction ,which may be one of the mechanisms for improving the ventricular remodeling and heart function ,and has certain positive correlation with dose .

Contraceptive Use and Impact Factors among Reproductive-age Urban Women Seeking Abortions in Kunming / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To determine the situation of contraceptive use and impact factors among reproductive-age women seeking abortion in Kunming which was in the southwest of China in order to provide information for improving contraceptive use. Methods A hospital-based study was conducted among 397 women of reproductive age, seeking abortion in hospitals of different levels in Kunming from June 2011 to December 2011. They were face to face interviewed by the trained investigators with the questionnaires. Results Among 397 women, 229 cases (57.7%) had experienced induced abortion. Abortion accounted for 61.7% of married women, and unmarried accounted for 39.3%. About 36.3%never used any contraceptives, and only 21.4%of respondents used contraceptives at every intercourse. The main contraceptive before this pregnancy was condom (68.9%) . The use of contraceptives was mainly decided by couple (73.4%) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that respondents' age, educational level and access to contraceptives in hospital were associated with the use of contraceptive. Conclusion Premarital pregnancy and low rate of contraception are the main reason for induced abortion. Fewer reproductive-age women seeking abortion use contraceptives. It is necessary to increase their awareness of contraception and abortion related knowledge, provide feasible contraceptive to enable women to avoid unwilling pregnancy. Further more, it is important to promote male involvement in contraception.

Stress analysis of prosthodontics by finite element method / 生物医学工程学杂志

Finite element stress analysis has been widely used in stomatology. In this article, we summarized the stress distributions of all-ceramic crowns, post crowns, fixed partial dentures and implant support fixed dentures; and with the use of finite element method, we investigated the stress levels of the periodontal ligament of abutment. The results showed: the tensile stress and compressive stress concentrated at the cervical margin of all-ceramic crown and post crown; the stress at the surface of the crown was the highest; the stress concentration exhibited at the connector of fixed parital denture, the molar was an ideal abutment tooth for the fixed bridge; the largest stress appeared around the neck of the implant abutment. These results have provided a theoretical basis for clinical dentistry in terms of restoration design and manufacture. It is suggested that clinical dentists should be careful to avoid the horizontal laoding applied on the prostheses so as to improve the resistance of abutment tooth to fracture.

Complete genomic sequence of a watermelon isolate of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in northern China / 病毒学报

The complete genomic sequence of a watermelon isolate of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV-LN) in Liaoning province was determined and compared with other cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses. The genomic RNA of CGMMV-LN comprised 6422 nt, and 5'- and 3'- noncoding regions consisted of 59 nt and 175 nt, respectively. The encoded four proteins were two replicase proteins of 186 kD and 129 kD, move protein of 29 kD and coat protein of 17.4 kD. The alignment results of complete nucleotide sequence showed that CGMMV-LN shared identities of 97.6%-99.3% with four other CGMMV isolates, but only shared identities of 61.7%-62.8% with three other tobamoviruses. Homology trees generated from replicase proteins of 186 kD and coat proteins suggested that cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses could be separated into two subgroups: subgroup I comprising all the isolates of CGMMV and subgroup II comprising Cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus, Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus and Zucchini green mottle mosaic virus.

Effects of artemether and dihydroarteannuin on mouse model of scleroderma / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of artemether and dihydroarteannuin on the mouse model of scleroderma.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sixty mice were randomly divided into 8 groups: PBS control group, model group, menstruum group (20% Tween-80, 0.4%CMC-Na), positive medicine group (penicillamine 200 mg kg(-1)), low-dose artemether group (5 mg kg(-1)), high-dose artemether group (20 mg kg(-1)), low-dose dihydroarteannuin group (5 mg kg(-1)), high-dose dihydroarteannuin group (25 mg kg(-1)). We have established a mouse model for scleroderma in Balb/c mice by subcutaneous injections of bleomycin 0.1 mL per day (200 mg L(-1) BLM) for 3 weeks. Meanwhile, the administration lasted for 4 weeks. The back skin was removed in the next day after the final administration. Treated skins and lungs were harvested and analyzed for histological sclerosis. The thickness of the skin and fibrosis degree of derma were observed and made an analysis of the contents of collagen and hydroxyproline.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the model groups, the high-dose groups markedly inhibited the thickness of derma (P<0.001), furthermore, the contents of collagen and hydroxyproline in the skin were also significantly reduced (P<0.05). Other groups of mice showed improvement on scleroderma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results suggest that administration of artemether or dihydroarteannuin may be an effective approach in preventing systemic sclerosis.</p>

Voice analysis in pre-lingual cochlear implant adults / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe voice characteristic of pre-lingual cochlear implant adults for cochlear implantation and phoniatrics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>3s-sustained voice of vowel [ a: ] of 28 pre-lingual cochlear implant adults, 18 pre-lingual deafness adults and 10 adults with normal hearing were analyzed. Specifically, the Voice analyses include fundamental frequency, first formant, second formant, frequency perturbation quotient (FPQ), amplitude perturbation quotient (APQ) and harmonic noise ratio (HNR). The outcomes of 3 groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fundamental frequency was lower in cochlear implant group [(175.42+/-25. 31) Hz] than that in deafness group [(210.84+/-54.300) Hz] (P = 0.02). The position of formant of cochlear implant group [F2 = (1264. 64 +/- 152.19) Hz] was more access to normal than that of normal hearing group[ F2 = (1422.44 +/- 232. 37) Hz, P = 0. 02]. FPQ of cochlear implant group (2.09 +/- 1.15) was more access to normal than that of deafness group (5.32+/-4.29, P=0.006). The voice of cochlear implanted and deafness adults were much more different individually.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In the aspect of acoustic characteristic of voice, pre-lingual cochlear implant adults could benefit cochlear implantation finitely. As speech perception of pre-lingual cochlear implant adults was far worse than that of children and post-lingual cochlear implant adults, the general outcome of pre-lingual cochlear implant adults was very limited. Cochlear implant of those candidate should be cautious.</p>

Glutathione S-transferase M1, T1 genotypes and the risk of mountain sickness / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1, T1 and susceptibility to mountain sickness.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-three soldiers with acute mountain sickness and 80 healthy soldiers matching with sex/age and training under the same condition were divided into case group and control group. A multiple polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes in genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood cells from both cases and controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequency of the GSTT1 positive genotype was significantly higher in cases (69.8%) than in controls (42.5%) (P = 0.004, OR = 3.12, 95% CI 1.42 approximately 6.86). The frequency of GSTM1 negative genotype was also higher in cases (72.1%) than in controls (52.5%) (P = 0.03, OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.05 approximately 5.02). Persons with both GSTM1 and GSTT1 negative genotypes had 5-fold more risk than those with GSTT1 negative and GSTM1 positive genotypes in developing mountain sickness (OR = 5.04, 95% CI: 1.00 approximately 25.3).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase M1, T1 may be the risk factors in the development of mountain sickness.</p>

Relationship between heat stress protein 70 gene polymorphisms and the risk of acute mountain sickness / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between heat stress proteins 70 (HSPs70) gene polymorphism and the risk of acute mountain sickness.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-six soldiers with acute mountain sickness and 173 soldiers without that were chosen as cases and controls. HSP70-1, HSP70-2 genotypes were analyzed by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The HSP70-1 polymorphism was similar in two groups. The genotype frequency of HSP70-2 B/B in acute mountain sickness group (23.2%) was significantly higher than that in the control (6.9%, P < 0.05, OR = 4.02).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is a significantly increased association of HSP70-2 B/B genotype with the risk of acute mountain sickness. Individuals with HSP70-2 B/B genotype may have weaker adaptive ability than those without this genotype under altitude stress. The results contribute to provide scientific bases for finding these individuals in specified occupational people, ensuring their health and enhancing work efficiency.</p>