Effects of aminooxyacetic acid on the learning and memory ability and its possible mechanism in rats with chronic alcoholism / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) on learning and memory ability and possible mechanisms in rats with chronic alcoholism.@*METHODS@#Sixty SD male rats were randomly divided into three groups on average.The model group rats and the remedy group rats were fed with the water containing (v/v) 6% alcohol for 28 days.After 14 days, the remedy group rats were treated with AOAA (5 mg/kg·d) by intraperitoneal injection once a day for 14 days and the other two group rats were treated with the equal amount of saline by intraperitoneal injection every day.Five days before the end of the experiment, the water maze test was carried out to test the learning and memory ability of rats for 5 days.Subsequently, the content of HS, the activity of ATP enzyme and the expression of 5-HT in hippocampus were measured.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the rats in the control group, the latency and the swimming distance of the 2nd to the 4th day, the content of HS in hippocampus of rats in the model group were all increased, the mitochondrial ATP enzyme activity in hippocampus and the positive expression of 5-HT in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 of rats in the model group were decreased (<0.01).Compared with the rats in the model group, the latency and the swimming distance of the 2nd to the 4th day, the content of HS in hippocampus of the rats in the remedy group were decreased, the mitochondrial ATP enzyme activity in hippocampus and the positive expression of 5-HT in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 of rats in the model group were increased (<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#AOAA could alleviate the symptoms of chronic alcoholism rats, which may be related to the effects of AOAA on the content of HS, the mitochondrial enzyme activity and the expression of 5-HT in hippocampus.

Effects of polydatin on learning and memory and Cdk5 kinase activity in the hippocampus of rats with chronic alcoholism / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of polydatin on learning and memory and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) kinase activity in the hippocampus of rats with chronic alcoholism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, chronic alcoholism group, low and high polydatin group. The rat chronic alcoholism model was established by ethanol 3.0 g/(kg · d) (intragastric administration). The abstinence scoring was used to evaluate the rats withdrawal symptoms; cognitive function was measured by Morris water maze experiment; Cdk5 protein expression in the hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence; Cdk5 kinase activity in the hippocampus was detected by liquid scintillation counting method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The abstinence score, escape latency, Cdk5 kinase activity in chronic alcoholism group rats were significantly higher than those of control group (P < 0.05). The abstinence score, escape latency in high polydatin group rats were significantly lower than those of chronic alcoholism group (P < 0.05); Cdk5 kinase activity in high and low polydatin group rats was significantly lower than that of chronic alcoholism group( P < 0.05); immunofluorescence showed that the Cdk5 positive cells of chronic alcoholism group were significantly increased compared with control group (P < 0.05), and the Cdk5 positive cells of polydatin groups were significantly decreased compared with chronic alcoholism group ( P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Polydatin-reduced the chronic alcoholism damage may interrelate with regulation of Cdk5 kinase activity.</p>

Changes of protein kinase A expressions in central amygdaloid nuclei during the process of chronic morphine-induced conditioned place aversion in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore neurobiological mechanisms of the withdrawal-induced aversion. The changes of protein kinase A were measured in central amygdaloid nucleic (CeA) of conditioned place aversion (CPA) model rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) All 72 male SD rats were divided into three groups, model group (MN group), and control group (MS group and SN group). MN group was injected with morphine,6.5 days, 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (ip), twice per day, naloxone injection, 0.3 mg/kg, ip, along with conditioned place aversion training, to develop the CPA model. The MS group was administrated equivalent volume of morphine and saline. Also the SN group was injected with equivalent volume of saline and naloxone. (2) During the process of morphine-induced CPA, the expression of protein kinase A was assayed with immunohistochemistry in the CeA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the MN group, protein kinase A expressions in the CeA occurred adaptive changes at different points of CPA (P < 0.05). Protein kinase A expressions after establishment(Day7,134.43 +/- 4.481, P < 0.05), and after extinction (Day 13, 141.01 +/- 3.360, P < 0.01), and after reinstatement (Day 14,137.18 +/- 40.330, P < 0.05) were also lower than those before the establishment of the CPA (Day 5, 124.48 +/- 6.722). However, PKA expressions were not significantly different both in MS group (P > 0.05)and SN group (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) Protein kinase A expression, in turn regulating the aversion expression, in the CeA probably is a key pathway contributing to the development of CPA. (2) The neuroadaptation mediated by protein kinase A may be one of the important molecular underpinnings of CPA.</p>

Dopamine D2 receptor and transportor corrected in the medial prefrontal contex of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in Sprague-Dawley rats / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) and dopamine transportors (DAT) located in the medial prefrontal contex (mPFC) in high and low conditioned place preference (CPP) rats, and to unveil the possible mechanism leading to different CPP susceptibilities.@*METHODS@#One hundred and sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into an experiment group (n = 130) and a control group (n = 30). The experiment group was re-classified into 2 groups according to CPP values:high preference group (HP group) and low preference group (LP group). According to the execution time-points after the last administration, the HP and LP group was classified into a 3-hour group (3 h), a 72-hour group (J3d), and a 14-day group (J14d), respectively. At 3 hours, 72 hours, and 14 days after the final injection, rats were killed and cardio-perfused, and the brains were removed and sliced up coronarily. The mRNA levels of D2R and DAT in mPFC were determined with in situ hybridization.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant differences of pretest scores staying at the non-preference chamber among the groups(P = 0.470). However, the test scores of the CPP time stayed at pretest natural preference in the HP group were significantly higher than those of the LP group(P = 0.000). In 3h, J3d, and J14d groups,the expressions of D2R mRNA in the HP group (125.43 +/- 2.90 approximately 142.92 +/- 3.32) were lower than those of LP group (122.25 +/- 2.20 approximately 136.67 +/-5.39) (P = 0.000). In 3h and J3d,the expressions of DAT mRNA in the HP group (157.00 +/- 3.55 approximately 145.15 +/- 3.69) were significantly lower than those of the LP group (150.69 +/- 3.12 approximately 138.84 +/- 3.99) (P = 0.000). In J14d, there were no differences among 3 groups in mPFC (P = 0.458).@*CONCLUSION@#D2R and DAT may be correlated closely and underlie the different susceptibilities to morphine induced CPP.