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ObjectiveTo compare the effect of three kinds of intrinsic foot muscle exercise on flatfoot. MethodsFrom September to November, 2022, 45 subjects with flatfoot from Capital University of Physical Education and Sports were randomly divided into short foot exercise (SFE) group (n = 15), toe-spread-out exercise (TSOE) group (n = 15) and short foot & toe-spread-out exercise (SF+TSOE) group (n = 15), who received SFE, TSOE and SF+TSOE, respectively, for eight weeks. The cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle, navicular drop test (NDT) and Chippaux-Smirak index (CSI) were measured before treatment, four weeks after treatment and eight weeks after treatment. ResultsThree subjects dropped out in each group. The main effect of time was significant for left and right cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle, NDT and CSI (F > 13.906, P < 0.001). The main effect of group was not significant for left and right cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle, NDT and CSI (F < 1.934, P > 0.05). The interaction effect of group and time was significant for left and right NDT (F > 3.044，P < 0.05), and it was better in SF+TSOE group than in SFE group and TSOE group (P < 0.05). ConclusionSF and TSOE can improve the cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle and foot morphology in subjects with flatfoot, and the combination of them may be more effective.
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ObjectiveTo systematically review the effects of short-foot exercise on adult flatfoot. MethodsArticles related to short-foot exercise for flatfoot were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang Data and CBM, from January, 2010 to December, 2022. The methodological quality was evaluated with the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, and the relevant data were extracted. ResultsTen randomized controlled trials were included, involved 335 individuals. The mean score of the PEDro scale was 7.1. Short-foot exercise improved the navicular drop, posture index score, balance and cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle for patients with flatfoot, but plantar pressure. ConclusionShort-foot exercise can improve the foot structure, balance and adductor hallucis muscle in adult flatfoot, but plantar pressure.
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Biomanufacturing uses biological systems, including cells, microorganisms, and enzymes, to produce natural or synthetic molecules with biological activities for use in various industries, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agriculture. These bioactive compounds are expected to play important roles in improving the quality of life and prolonging its length. Fortunately, recent advances in synthetic biology and automation technologies have accelerated the development of biomanufacturing, enabling us to create new products and replace conventional methods in a more sustainable manner. As of now, the role of biomanufacturing in the growth and innovation of bioeconomy is steadily increasing, and this techbology becomes a prevalent technology in global markets. To gain a comprehensive understanding of this field, this article presents a retrospective review of Bloomage Biotechnology's Research and Development and briefly reviews the developments of biomanufacturing and offers insights into the futre prospects. In conclusion, biomanufacturing will continue to be an important, environmentally friendly, and sustainable production mode in the ongoing development of bioeconomy.
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Calidad de Vida , Biotecnología , Agricultura , Biología Sintética , IndustriasRESUMEN
【Objective】 To investigate the effects of biomimetic bone trabecular with the same porosity and pore size and regular porous structure on the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts, so as to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of osseointegration performance of titanium alloy implants. 【Methods】 The biomimetic bone trabecular and regular porous structures with the same porosity and pore size were generated by computer-aided software, and then processed into disc-shaped Ti6Al4V scaffolds with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 3 mm by selective laser melting technology. MC3T3-E1 cells, the precursor cells of mouse osteoblasts in the logarithmic growth phase, were seeded on two kinds of scaffolds and divided into biomimetic bone trabecular group and regular porous structure group. After 3 hours of culture, acridine orange staining and phalloidin /DAPI staining were used to evaluate the number of cell adhesion. After 3 days of culture, the scaffolds were examined by scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the adhesion state of cells. After 1, 3, and 5 days of culture, the scaffolds were taken for CCK8 detection to observe the proliferation of cells. After 7 and 14 days of differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected. After 14 days of differentiation, the expressions of osteogenesis-related genes (ALP, OCN, RUNX2) were detected by RT-PCR. After 30 days of differentiation, the scaffolds were stained with alizarin red and 100 g/L cetylpyridinium chloride was used to dissolve mineralized nodules. Calcium salt deposition was qualitatively and quantitatively detected to evaluate cell differentiation. 【Results】 The results of acridine orange and phalloidin /DAPI staining showed that the biomimetic trabecular Ti6Al4V scaffold adhered to more MC3T3-E1 cells than the regular porous structure, and the cytoskeleton of the former scaffold was more densely distributed. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the pseudopodia of MC3T3-E1 cells on the biomimetic bone trabecular Ti6Al4V scaffold were longer and the extension state was better than that of the regular porous structure. CCK8 test showed that the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the biomimetic trabecular bone titanium alloy scaffold was significantly higher than that on the regular porous structure on the 3rd and 5th day, and the difference gradually increased with the increase of time, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The results of cell differentiation test showed that ALP activity on the bionic trabecular scaffold was higher than that on the regular porous structure (P<0.05). The expressions of osteogenic genes (ALP, OCN, RUNX2) in MC3T3-E1 cells on the biomimetic bone trabecular titanium alloy scaffold were significantly higher than those on the regular porous structure (P<0.05). After 30 days of induction, the amount of calcium salt deposited in the bionic trabecular titanium alloy scaffold was significantly larger than that in the regular porous structure (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The biomimetic bone trabecular with a porosity of 65% and an equivalent pore size of 600 μm is more conducive to the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mouse osteoblast precursor cells MC3T3-E1 on the titanium alloy scaffold than the regular porous structure with the same porosity and pore size. It is theoretically more conducive to improving the osseointegration performance of titanium alloy implants.
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Objective:By comparing the expression levels of retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear receptorγt( RORγt) and in-terleukin-17 ( IL-17 ) in newborn rats′spleen tissue with cytomegalovirus infection with normal newborn to provide experimental evidence for the pathogenesis of CMV infection.Methods:Forty-eight newborn BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group and MCMV group.Mice in virus group was given intraperitoneal injection of MCMV virus suspension,while the control group were given the same dose of normal saline as controls.Eight mice in the two groups were killed at day 3,7 and 14.The animal were sacrificed at day 3,7 and 14( n=8 for each interval) and spleens were obtained from the two groups.MCMV DNA,RORγt mRNA,IL-17 mRNA and protein of RORγwere detected by using RT-PCR and Western blot between the two groups.Results:Expression of MCMV DNA was in-creased in the MCMV group but absent in the control group.RORγt mRNA, IL-17 mRNA and protein expression of RORγt were significantly higher than the normal control group,with the extension of the infection time gradually increased( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion:The IL-17 and RORγt in spleen tissue may take part in the inflammatory response induced by MCMV, and may be involved in the pathogeneses of MCMV injury.
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Objective To explore the effect of postnatal infection on SOX10 expression in cerebral white matter in immature rats. Methods A total of 96 newborn SD rats were randomly divided into hypoxia group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, and control group. At day 3 and 6 after birth, the rats in LPS group and hypoxia group were intraperitoneally injected with 0.25 mg/kg of LPS while the rats in control group were injected with normal saline. Meanwhile the rats in hypoxia group were maintained in a hypoxic tank under atmospheric pressure and thermostatic water bath at 37℃for 2 hours of ventilation with mixed gas con-taining 8%O2 and 92%N2 at a rate of 2 L/min starting 3 days after birth. At day 7, 10, 14, 21 after birth, eight rats in each groups were sacriifced and the cerebral white matter was extracted. HE staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of cerebral white matter by light microscopy. The expression of SOX10 in cerebral white matter was determined by immunohisto-chemical and Western blotting analysis. The expression of TLR-4 was determined by Western blotting. Results In LPS group and hypoxia group, the SOX10 positive cells and expressions of SOX 10 and TLR-4 were increased at day 7, reached the peak at day 10, and then gradually declined. There were signiifcant differences between any two time points (P0.05). At each time point, the difference in the SOX10 positive cells and the expressions of SOX 10 and TLR-4 were statistically signiifcant among three groups (PLPS group>control group and there were signiifcantly differences between each groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Postnatal infections can lead to cerebral white mat-ter lesions in immature rats. The existence of both hypoxia and infection can aggravate the brain injury. The high expression of SOX 10 may have the protective effect.
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Objective To study the effect of multiple IPL treatment on cell senescence markers of skin fibroblasts using UVA as a control and to make clear whether the multiple IPL treatment may result in cell senescence.Methods Cells were divided into three groups: one group without irradiation as a control,one group receiving IPL treatment with 15 J per cm2,and the last group receiving UVA irradiation with 9 J per cm2.IPL and UVA irradiation were performed once a day during five days.On the sixth day,the cells were collected.Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining,cell cycle,reactive oxygen species (ROS) and telomere length were determined.Results Our results showed that five consecutive days of IPL irradiation had no effect on the activity of SA-β-Gal and telomere length and decreased the G1 ％ of cell cycle and the level of ROS in comparison with the control group (P＜0.05).On the contrary,five consecutive days of UVA irradiation increased the activity of SA β Gal and the level of ROS,shortened the length of telomere and no obvious change in the G1 ％ of cell cycle in comparison with the control group.Conclusions Multiple UVA irradiations induce cell senescence.On the contrary,multiple IPL treatments could not induce cell senescence.
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Objective To study the protective effects of intense pulse light (IPL) on the injury of normal human skin fibroblasts (FB) induced by ultraviolet A (UVA Ⅰ ) in vitro and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods The human skin fibroblasts were isolated and cultured, and then irradiated by UVA Ⅰ (9 J/cm2) and IPL (15 J/cm2), respectively. The proliferative ability of the cells were detected by CCK-8. Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry, and cylin D1 and CDK2 protein expression levels were detected by Western blot. Results Different doses of UVA Ⅰ irradiation caused certain damages of cultured fibroblasts. With the increasing of of UVA Ⅰ dose, cell proliferation was decreased. Cells went to death at the exposure to 11 J/cm2 UVA Ⅰ , while the proliferative activity did not change much at 7 J/cm2 UVA Ⅰ . Cells were treated with UVA Ⅰ for other 2 days, then with IPL irradiation for other 2days, showing clear stimulating to the cell proliferation as compared with the cells that received UVA Ⅰ treatment only. Flow cytometry results showed that an increase of cell proliferating index, and cell cycle protein cyclin D1 and CDK2 expression levels were also upregulated after IPL irradiation.Conclusion UVA Ⅰ irradiation may cause cell damage as showed by cell growth index, cyclin D1 and CDK2 expression, and this injury could be protected partly by IPL treatment. The intense pulsed light may regulate the expression of cyclin proteins that may promote normal fibroblast proliferation, which could be one of the mechanisms of IPL skin rejuvenation.