Three-dimensional modeling of female urinary system based on MRI and CT data / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To reconstruct a three-dimensional model of female urinary system based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tomography angiography (CTA) data.@*METHODS@#MRI and CTA datasets were collected from 20 patients in our department in 2018 for reconstructing 3D models of the bladder urethra in resting state using Mimics19.0 software combined with engineering software. The metric parameters of the bladder urethra were analyzed in the reconstructed 3D model.@*RESULTS@#The bladder and urethra were successfully reconstructed using 10 MRI datasets, and the kidney, ureter and bladder were reconstructed using 10 CTA datasets. Using engineering software, we measured a number of cysto-urethral geometric parameters, including the cysto-urethral posterior angle (151.1±17.9°), beta angle (137.3±14.0°), urethral pubic angle (47.8± 12.1°), urethral tilt angle (21.5±7.3°), alpha angle (83.8±13.8°), the posterior pubic space (15.3±3.0 mm), and the urethral striated muscle thickness (2.6±0.6 mm).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Three-dimensional reconstruction of the anatomical model of the human urinary system provides a platform for studying the fine anatomy of the female urinary system and allows measurement of multiple parameters to better understand the functional differences of the bladder and urethra in different populations.

Three-dimensional modeling of female urinary system based on MRI and CT data / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To reconstruct a three-dimensional model of female urinary system based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tomography angiography (CTA) data.@*METHODS@#MRI and CTA datasets were collected from 20 patients in our department in 2018 for reconstructing 3D models of the bladder urethra in resting state using Mimics19.0 software combined with engineering software. The metric parameters of the bladder urethra were analyzed in the reconstructed 3D model.@*RESULTS@#The bladder and urethra were successfully reconstructed using 10 MRI datasets, and the kidney, ureter and bladder were reconstructed using 10 CTA datasets. Using engineering software, we measured a number of cysto-urethral geometric parameters, including the cysto-urethral posterior angle (151.1±17.9°), beta angle (137.3±14.0°), urethral pubic angle (47.8± 12.1°), urethral tilt angle (21.5±7.3°), alpha angle (83.8±13.8°), the posterior pubic space (15.3±3.0 mm), and the urethral striated muscle thickness (2.6±0.6 mm).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Three-dimensional reconstruction of the anatomical model of the human urinary system provides a platform for studying the fine anatomy of the female urinary system and allows measurement of multiple parameters to better understand the functional differences of the bladder and urethra in different populations.

The effect of lung exercise on respiratory and motor function, life quality and the survival of patients with non-operative lung cancer / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation training on the respiratory function,motor function,life quality,survival and complications of patients with non-operative lung cancer.Methods A group of 88 patients with non-operative lung cancer was randomly divided into a training group (n=45) and a control group (n=43).Both groups were given anti-tumor therapy,while the training group was additionally provided with systematic respiratory training,including breathing pattern training,cough and expectoration training,respiratory gymnastics and walking training.Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) were measured at the outset and after 8,16 and 24 weeks of the training.The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was administered along with the QLQ-C30 assessment of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.Complications in both groups were also recorded and analyzed.The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were followed up after the treatment.Results After 8,16 and 24 weeks of the treatment,the average FVC and FEV1 volumes and the 6MWT times of the training group were significantly better than those before treatment and significantly better than the control group averages.Indeed,no significant improvement was observed in the control group's average FVC,FEV1 or 6MWT results.After 24 weeks the treatment group's average scores on the physical function,social function,emotional function,fatigue,nausea and vomiting,pain,dyspnea,insomnia,appetite,constipation,and overall quality of life sub-scales of the QLQ-C30 had all improved significantly more than in the control group.The incidence of pulmonary complications in the control group (26％) was significantly higher than that in the training group.(11％).The median PFS and OS of the training group (14.3 and 27.3 months) were not significantly better than those of the control group,however.Conclusion Respiratory exercise training and aerobic exercise training combined with the anti-tumor therapy,while not prolonging survival,can effectively improve the life quality of patients with non-operative lung cancer,reducing the incidence of complications and promoting the recovery of respiratory function.The combination is worthy of popularization in clinical practice.

The clinical outcome and risk factors of phospholipase A2 receptor-associated idiopathic membranous nephropathy in adults / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To report the spontaneous remission and induced remission of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)-associated idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) in adults,as well as to explore the potential prognostic factors.Methods A total of 120 patients with IMN in Huashan Hospital during 2012 and 2017 were enrolled and their clinical data were collected.Results PLA2R-associated IMN patients accounted for 89.2％ of the IMN patients.Spontaneous remission occurred in 35.5％ of PLA2R-associated IMN patients.The patients with higher serum albumin and lower level of PLA2R antibody were more likely to achieve spontaneous remission (both P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male was an independent risk factor for spontaneous remission in PLA2R-associated IMN patients (OR=0.060,95％CI 0.007-0.493,P=0.009),while higher serum albumin at baseline (OR=1.480,95％ CI 1.144-1.932,P=0.004) and the improvement of serum albumin after 3 months' non-immunosuppressive treatment (OR=2.040,95％CI 1.322-3.151,P=0.001) were independent protective factors for spontaneous remission.About 42.1％ PLA2R-associated IMN patients had received immunosuppressive therapy,with induced remission rate being 70.7％.High serum albumin before treatment was an independent protective factor for induced remission (OR=1.268,95％ CI 1.014-1.585,P=0.038).Conclusions PLA2R-associated IMN accounts for most of the IMN patients,with a spontaneous remission rate of 35.5％,during the follow-up period,which is even higher in patients with higher baseline serum albumin and lower PLA2R antibody titer.Induced remission rate is 70.7％ in patients in need of immunosuppresants.The serum albumin level may be helpful in predicting spontaneous remission and response to immunosuppressive therapy.

The effect of short-term, intensive rehabilitation exercises on the respiration, life quality and sleep of persons with obstructive sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the effect of short-term intensive rehabilitation training on respiratory function, motor function and the life quality of patients with obstructive sleep apnea combined with chronic obstruc-tive pulmonary disease ( OSA-COPD) . Methods Fifty-seven patients with OSA-COPD were randomly divided in-to an observation group and a control group. Both groups were treated with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation ( NPPV) , oxygen therapy and a bronchodilator, while the observation group was additionally provided with 8 weeks of intensive lung rehabilitation training, including respiratory function training and limb exercise training. Polysom-nography was used to monitor the apnea hyponea index ( AHI) , the lowest oxygen saturation level during the night ( LowSpO2 ) and the nocturnal oxygen saturation ratio for ＜ 90% of total sleep time ( tst90) . Arterial blood gases, forced vital capacity ( FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1 ) were measured. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and St. George's respiratory questionnaire ( SGRQ) were used to evaluate all the patients before and after the intervention. Results After 8 weeks of treatment, the average AHI, LowSpO2 , TST90 and PaO2 had improved significantly in both groups. There was no significant difference between them. After the treatment the average FVC, FEV1 and 6MWT time of the observation group were significantly better than before the treatment and the significantly better than the control group's averages. After treatment, the average SGRQ score and activity abili-ty score of the observation group were also significantly improved and significantly better than the control group's av-erages. Conclusions NPPV can effectively improve OSA-COPD patients'tolerance of short-term intensive pulmo-nary rehabilitation training. With that assistance, short-term intensive rehabilitation training can promote the recov-ery of respiratory function and motor function, and improve the life quality of patients. Therefore, such therapy is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

The research of the application of motor imagery therapy on the recovery of the stroke patients with aphasia / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To discuss the influence of motor imagery therapy on the recovery of the stroke patients with aphasia.Methods Sixty cases of stroke patients with aphasia were divided into the treatment group and the control group according to the odd and even of last number.The single number was set into the control group.The double number was given to the treatment group.There were thirty patients in each group.Both groups received the conventional drug treatment and routine care of the Department of Neurology.On this basis,from the second day in hospital,the treatment group received the speech rehabili tation training with motor imagery therapy.Aphasia assessment was done for the two groups on the first day in hospital with CRRCAE.On the first day and after receiving ten-day treatment with motor imagery therapy,the grade of the severity for aphasia of Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) was done to assess the severity of aphasia in two groups.The scores of the two groups were compared.Results Before the treatment,there was no significant difference between the two groups.After receiving ten times treatment,both the two groups were improved.Compared with the control group,the treatment group became better.There was statistically significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions For the stroke patients with aphasia,motor imagery therapy has significant effect on their recovery.

Application of standard treatment protocol for type 2 diabetes patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)-based standard treatment on obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance (IR) in the elderly.Methods 63 elderly type 2 diabetes patients diagnosed as OSAHS were randomly divided into control group (n =31) and CPAP group (n =32).Patients in control group were treated with conventional therapy including diet control,exercise and antidiabetic drugs,and patients in CPAP group were treated with CPAP treatment combined with conventional therapy.Fasting glucose (FBG),oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT),homeostasis model assessment of IR index (HOMA-IR),body mass index (BMI),apnea-hypopnea index (AHI),lowest oxygen saturation (L-SaO2) and the dosage of insulin application were observed after 7 days,1 month,3 months of the treatment.Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined before and after 3 months of the treatment.Results In CPAP group,levels of FBG and 2 h OGTT glucose,HOMA-IR,AHI,daily insulin dosage were significantly reduced and L-SaO2 was significantly increased after 7 days of the treatment; BMI was significantly reduced after 1 month of the treatment;HbA1c level was significantly reduced after 3 months of the treatment.In control group,L-SaO2 was significantly reduced along with the multiple time points; daily insulin dosage was significantly increased after 3 months of the treatment.There were no significant differences in all observed indicators between groups before treatment.There were significant differences in the observed indicators between groups after treatment except for BMI after 7 days of the treatment.Conclusions Compared with conventional therapy,CPAP-based standard treatment has more efficacy on increasing insulin sensitivity and improving insulin resistance in elderly patients with OSAHS and type 2 diabetes.

Clinical significance of serum levels of growth factors in different kinds of inflammatory response / 中国综合临床

Objective To evaluate the changes of platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) and vascular endo-thelial growth factor(VEGF) in infectious and autoimmunity diseaases. Methods The growth factors were measured by ELISA in 149 patients for seven times in different periods,and the levels and duration were compared. Results PDGF was (6.32±2.54) μg/ml and (2.57±1.65) μg/ml (P<0.05), and VEGF was (179.5±53.30) ng/ml and (221.4±70.04) ng/ml(P<0.05) in the two groups before treatment;There was statistical significance in dif-ferent time points between groups and within groups for PDGF(P<0.05) and significant difference for time chan-ging to the peak and changed duration between two groups for VEGF(P<0.05). For the two groups,the peak time of PDGF were (2.6±1.1) and (5.4±3.3) days;The peak time of VEGF were (2.4±0.7) and (7.2±3.3) days respectively(P<0.05 for each). However in the two groups, the change duration were (6.7±3.1) and (15.4±6.1) days for PDGF and (8.1±3.4) and (16.7±7.2) days for VEGF (P<0.05 for each). Conclu-sions There is significant difference for serum levels of PDGF and VEGF and the level change duration as well in the two groups, which maybe correlated with inflammatory nature and outcome.

Distribution of vitamin D receptor gene (Bsm Ⅰ) polymorphisms in healthy postmenopausal women from Han, Uygur, Kazak, Mongoloid populations in China / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene shows restriction fragment length polymorphism with incision enzyme Bsm Ⅰ ,Apa Ⅰ ,Taq Ⅰ ,which is related to bone mineral density (BMD).However, it is unclear that the relationship between VDR gene (Bsm Ⅰ ) polymorphisms and BMD,osteoporosis.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution regularity of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism related to BMD in postmenopausal women of Han,Uygur, Kazak and Mongoloid nationality in China. DESIGN: controlled observation.SETTING: Institute of Gerontology,General Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 179 women of Han,who were taking physical examination in General Hospital of Chinese PLA from January 2002 to December 2003, at the average age of (59±3) years,were selected. A total number of 122 women of Uygur with average age of 56.49 years; 63 women of Kazak with average age of (55±3) years; and 112 women of Mongoloid with average age of (57±3) years,who were all taking physical examination in department of geriatrics, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January 2001 to December 2003.All of them were informed consent.METHODS: VDR genotypes(Bsm Ⅰ ) were defined with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,so as to analyze distribution of Vitamin-D receptor gene (Bsm Ⅰ )polymorphisms of postmenopausal women in Han,Uygur, Kazak,Mongoloid nationality,and compared with the data of USA,Australia,France,Japan,Korea. Enumeration data were compared with Chi-square test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: VDR (Bsm Ⅰ ) polymorphisms in healthy postmenopausal women from Han, Uygur, Kazak, Mongoloid populations in China, which were compared with the data of USA, Australia,France, Japan, Korea.RESULTS: For women of Han, Uygur, Kazak and Mongoloid nationality,the BB genotypes accounted for 0, 4.1%, 6.35% and 4.46%, the bb genotypes accounted for 90.5%, 69.67%, 38.1% and 50% respectively. There was a significant difference between women of Han, Uygur, Kazak, and Mongoloid nationality(P ＜ 0.01). There was insignificant difference in comparation of distribtuion of VDR genotype between Kazak nationality and the west races, but it was significantly different to that in Japan,Korea races.CONCLUSION:VDR genotype polymorphisms is characterized by obvious racial diversify in postmenopausal women of Han,Uygur, Kazak,Mongoloid populations in China;Distribution of VDR gene frequency of Kazak population is similar with the west race ,but is different to Japanese and Korea's race.