Estado refractivo en pacientes sometidos a facoemulsificación de catarata con situaciones especiales / Refractive state in patients with phacoemulsification of cataract in uncommon situations

BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to determine the refractive state in patients who underwent non-complicated phacoemulsification under unusual situations. METHODS: This was a clinical, open, transversal, prospective and comparative study. Patients had the following conditions: congenital cataracts, hyperopia, myopia, and emetropia with previous corneal transplantation or vitreous cavity filled with silicone oil. RESULTS: Thirty-six eyes were included in our study vs. control group (52 emetropic eyes). There was no statistical significance in spherical equivalent 6 weeks postoperatively, with 59% of patients within +1.00 D, 73% +2.00 D and 28% > +2.00 D. CONCLUSIONS: Refractive state was favorable with an average of 0.96 D +/- 6.27.

Síndrome de Parinaud asociado a otros estrabismos / Parinaud syndrome associated with other strabismus

Objetivo: Describir los estrabismo asociados al Síndrome de Parinaud (SP). Métodos: Se estudiaron pacientes con SP de 1998 a 2004 asociados a otros estrabismos. Resultados: Total 18 pacientes, 6 mujeres y 12 hombres. Edad: 28 años DE 22 (10; 1C 95 por ciento). Lesión al III nervio craneal en 15 pacientes (79 por ciento), II nervio: 8 pacientes (44.4 por ciento), VII nervio: 3 pacientes, hemiparesia: 3, lesión a IV nervio 2, parálisis bilateral de III nervio 2, nistagmus 2, Síndrome de foville 2, y síndrome de uno y medio 1 paciente. Causas: Accidente vascular cerebral 4, uno de ellos asociado a infarto agudo de miocardio, traumatismo cráneo-encefálico 3, tumor cerebral 6, neurocisticercosis 2. Se obtuvo ortoposición con toxina botulínica en 1.72 +/- 1.1 (0.65 IC 95) y cirugía en 9, mejoría espontánea 1. Conclusiones: Identificar el diagnóstico topográfico y pronóstico de la lesión cerebral asociada a SP es muy importante en el control y vigilancia del paciente así como para ofrecer una rehabilitación mas dirigida.

Objective: To describe the causes of Parinaud syndrome (PS) with diplopia to determine a topographic diagnosis and prognosis. Method: We studied patients with SP from January 1980 to January 2004; causes and treatment. We identified all strabismus associated to PS. Results: We included 18 patients with diplopia, 6 female and 12 male. Age: 28 years old, SD 22 (10; CI 95 percent). Related strabismus: III nerve palsy in 15 patients (79 percent), optical nerve damage in 8 (44.4 percent), VII nerve palsy in 3, IV nerve palsy 2, bilateral III nerve palsy 2, nystagmus 2, Foville syndrome 2, One and half syndrome 1. Causes: Tumor 6, brain stroke 4, cranial trauma 3, neurocisticercosis 2. Ortoposition with botulinum toxin treatment was obtained with 1.72 +/-1.1 (0.65; IC 95 percent) inyections. Surgery was done in 9 patients, only one patient had spontaneous resolution of diplopia and SP. Conclusions: To identify the topographic diagnosis and prognosis of brain diseases in PS is very important to complete the study of strabismus. In this way we can know more about of damage extension and we can identify recurrences quickly to offer a better control.