Expression of MSI1 and HER2 in mammary Paget's disease and their correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the expression of MSI1 and HER2 in mammary Paget's disease, and the correlation between the expression levels of MSI1 and HER2 and the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of the patients. Methods: Clinical data and paraffin-embedded specimens of 34 pairs of mammary Paget's disease and underlying breast cancer were collected at the Department of Pathology, Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from March 2011 to December 2019. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of MSI1 and HER2 in mammary Paget's disease and the accompanying breast cancer, and to analyze the correlation between the expression levels of MSI1 and HER2 and their clinicopathologic features, as well as their influence on prognosis. Results: In mammary Paget's disease, the positive rate of MSI1 was 91.2% (31/34) and the positive rate of HER2 was 88.2% (30/34); the expression of MSI1 and HER2 was positively correlated (P=0.001, r=0.530). The expression of MSI1 was positively correlated with menopausal status (r=0.372, P=0.030) and lymph node metastasis (r=0.450, P=0.008). HER2 expression was positively correlated with menopausal status (r=0.436, P=0.010), and negatively correlated with ER expression (r=-0.365, P=0.034). The co-expression of MSI1 and HER2 was positively correlated with age (r=0.347, P=0.044) and menopausal status (r=0.496, P=0.003), and negatively correlated with ER expression (r=-0.461, P=0.006). Conclusions: MSI1 and HER2 are highly expressed in mammary Paget's disease and their expression levels are positively correlated. The correlation analysis between clinicopathological features and prognosis suggests that both of them may be involved in the occurrence and development of mammary Paget's disease and are potential therapeutic targets for mammary Paget's disease.

Depression and anxiety among caregivers of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders in a government tertiary hospital during the Covid-19 pandemic

Objectives@#To determine the burden of COVID-19 related mental health problems such as anxiety and/or depression among caregivers of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders in a government tertiary hospital.@*Materials and Methods@#This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Out-patient Department of PCMC. Caregiver data sheet and HADS-P forms were given to eligible caregivers.@*Results@#A total of 102 caregivers were included. The prevalence of significant risk for anxiety disorder among caregivers of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders is 34.31% (n=35), 1.96% (n=2) for depression and 3.92% (n=4) for both anxiety and depression. Using logistic regression, marital status of common law partner and female sex have significant association with depression and anxiety; the number of household members has a direct association to significant risk for both anxiety and depression.@*Conclusion@#Female sex and common law partnership as marital status are associated with 2-3 times of having significant risk for anxiety or depression. The number of household members is correlated with an increased significant risk of having both anxiety and depression. Screening caregivers using appropriate tests would identify caregivers at significant risk for anxiety and depression and further create intervention programs.

Efecto condicional de las actitudes hacia pacientes con diagnósticos de salud mental sobre la toma de decisiones en contexto de urgencia según la autopercepción de conocimientos asociados al trabajo con pacientes de salud mental

Introducción: En la actualidad existen pocos estudios con respecto a la evaluación de actitudes y autopercepción de conocimientos de los profesionales de la salud hacia los pacientes con alguna condición de salud mental, y la relación de estas variables con la toma de decisiones respecto de estos pacientes. Desde la experiencia se conoce la dificultad que tienen médicos que no están relacionados con el área de salud mental de afrontar a pacientes con alguna patología psiquiátrica y más aún en las urgencias, ya sea porque reconocen falta de conocimientos del tema, instancias no adecuadas para evaluación además de la alta exigencia de estos servicios. Metodología: El estudio consistió en una encuesta online de carácter transversal aplicada a profesionales de la salud pertenecientes al Hospital Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena, ubicado en la ciudad de Temuco, Chile. La encuesta incluyó preguntas sociodemográficas, caracterización de experiencias asociadas a diagnósticos de salud mental, y escalas dedicadas a medir variables (autopercepción, actitudes y toma de decisiones). Resultados: A medida que la autopercepción de conocimientos es mayor, el efecto de las actitudes sobre la toma de decisiones también es mayor. Conclusiones: Tanto las actitudes de los profesionales de la salud hacia este tipo de pacientes, así como su autopercepción de conocimientos, son dos componentes fundamentales para asegurar un buen manejo clínico. Resulta importante que exista un balance en cómo se manejan ambas dentro de un servicio, con el fin de asegurar una atención apropiada y centrada en el bienestar del paciente.

Introduction: Currently there are few studies regarding the evaluation of attitudes and self-perception of knowledge of health professionals towards patients with some mental health condition, and the relationship of these variables with decision making regarding these patients. From experience, its known the difficulty that doctors who are not related to the area of mental health have in dealing with patients with some psychiatric pathology and even more so in emergencies, either because they recognize a lack of knowledge of the subject and instances that are not suitable for evaluation. in addition to the high demand of these services. Methodology: The study consisted of a cross-sectional online survey applied to health professionals belonging to the Dr Hernán Henriquez Aravena Hospital, located in the city of Temuco, Chile. The survey included sociodemographic questions, characterization of experiences associated with mental health diagnoses, and scales dedicated to measuring variables (self-perception, attitudes and decision making). Results: As self-perception of knowledge grows, the effect of attitudes on decision making also increases. Conclusions: Both the attitudes of health professionals towards this type of patients, as well as their self-perception of knowledge, are two fundamental components to ensure good clinical management. It is important that there is a balance in how both are managed within a service, in order to ensure appropriate care focused on the patient's well-being.

Study on the effectiveness of implementation: the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To assess the implementation and impact of programs carried out by the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases. Methods: Both sociological and epidemiological methods were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data in November and December, 2016 in order to conduct on process and outcome evaluation of the above mentioned objective. In the meantime, case study was also conducted. Results: All the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases were found well implemented across the country, with health education and health promotion, surveillance and safeguard measures in particular. A government-led and inter-sector coordination and communication mechanism had been well established, with more than 16 non-health departments actively involved. 28.7% of the residents living in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases were aware of the key messages related to chronic diseases. Among the residents, 72.1% of them consumed vegetables and 53.6% consumed fruits daily, with another 86.9% walked at least 10 minutes per day. Over 70% of the patients with hypertension or diabetes reported that they were taken care of by the Community Health Centers, and above 50% of them were under standardized management. Residents, living in the National Demonstration Areas under higher ranking of implementation scores, were more likely to be aware of relevant knowledge on chronic disease control and prevention (OR=6.591, 95%CI: 5.188-8.373), salt reduction (OR=1.352, 95%CI: 1.151-1.589), oil reduction (OR=1.477, 95%CI: 1.249-1.746) and recommendation on physical activities (OR=1.975, 95%CI: 1.623- 2.403). Conclusion: The implementation of programs carried out by the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases had served a local platform for the control and prevention of non-communicable diseases, and thus become an important 'carrier' for chronic disease prevention and control programs in China.

Current status on prevalence, treatment and management of hypertension among Chinese adults in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the current status of prevalence, treatment, and management on hypertension among Chinese adults from the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases. Methods: We selected a total of 4 000 residents aged ≥18 years for this questionnaire-based survey by multi-stage clustering sampling in 10 National Demonstration Areas between November and December, 2016. Results: There were 3 891 effective questionnaires. The self-reported prevalence of hypertension among aged ≥35 years was 31.47% (1 011/3 213). For the past two weeks, the self-reported treatment of hypertension was 86.75%(877/1 011), with the rates of guidance as 56.87% (575/1 011) on physical activity, 40.95% (414/1 011) on diet, 38.33% (385/1 011) on weight management, and 22.75% (228/1 011) on smoking cessation. For the past 12 months, 74.68% (755/1 011) of the residents aged ≥35 years were under the proper management and 62.12% (628/1 011) of them were under the standardized management programs. The follow-up program lasted for 4 (P(25)-P(75): 4-12) times per year, with 15 (P(25)-P(75): 10-20) minutes per each visit. Hypertensive patients would mainly visit the outpatient clinics (53.51%), followed by home visits (22.91%) and telephone calls (13.64%). Rate of satisfaction on management services was 94.83% (716/755) from the hypertensive patients. Multivariate analysis showed that the rate of self-reported treatment (OR=1.986, 95%CI: 1.222-3.228) and self-reported standardized management (OR=2.204, 95%CI: 1.519-3.199) on hypertension were higher in the Demonstration Areas with higher implementation scores of self-reported non-communicable diseases management. Conclusions: Prevention and management on hypertension in the Demonstration Areas had met the requirement set for the Demonstration Areas during the "12th Five-Year Plan" . Projects on setting up the National Non-communicable Diseases Demonstration Areas had played an active role in promoting the standardized management program on hypertension.

Management programs on diabetes among Chinese adults in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To understand the current situation on management of diabetes mellitus patients aged 35 and above in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases, in China. Methods: Local residents, aged 18 years and above were randomly selected by a complex, multistage, probability sampling method. Face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out between November and December 2016. Rates regarding prevalence, treatment and management of diabetes were calculated, and influencing factors of diabetes were analyzed by using the non-conditional logistic regression model. Results: A total of 3 213 residents aged ≥35 years were included in this study, of which 11.48% (369/3 213) reported that they had ever been informed by a doctor or other health worker that their blood sugar level was high or being diabetic. The rate of self-reported treatment among the diabetic patients was 83.20% (307/369). Rates on overall management and standardized management were 69.92% (258/369) and 53.66% (198/369), respectively. Higher rates were seen in residents aged 55 to 64 years, 76.32% for overall management and 59.65% for standardized management. Through multiple logistic regression analysis, we found that standardized management for diabetes was much higher in the Demonstration Areas located in the eastern areas (OR=2.942, 95%CI: 1.547-5.594), or patients with characteristics including high implementation score (OR=3.499, 95%CI: 1.865-6.563), already signed family doctors (OR=5.661, 95%CI: 3.237-9.899), or without hypertension (OR=1.717, 95%CI: 1.010- 2.920). Residents who were living in the first and second batch areas of implementation or responding to the NCDs with positive attitude were more likely to accept standardized management. Conclusion: Prevention and management programs on diabetes had met the requirements set for the Demonstration Areas which had promoted the specific implementation and further development of standardized management on diabetes.

Study on consumption of vegetables and fruits and related influencing factors among residents from the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the consumption of vegetables and fruits and related influencing factors among residents from the National Demonstration Areas of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases. Methods: From November to December, 2016, a total of 4 000 residents, aged 18 or above, from ten Demonstration Areas, were selected as participants for this study by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Information on vegetables, fruits consumption and related influencing factors was collected via questionnaire. Results: A total of 3 891 residents were involved in the final analysis. Daily consumption of vegetables and fruits accounted for 72.1% and 53.6% of the residents under study. The residents who were aware of the National Demonstration Areas activities were more willing to have adequate intake of vegetables (OR=3.017, 95%CI: 2.426-3.753) and fruits (OR=1.261, 95%CI: 1.007-1.580). Residents with higher degree of participation activities of the demonstration areas were more likely to have adequate fruits intake (high degree: OR=1.431, 95%CI: 1.210-1.694; medium degree: OR=1.573, 95%CI: 1.315- 1.882). Conclusions: The implementation of the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases has improved the adequate vegetables and fruits intake among residents. Relevant activities carried out in the Demonstration Areas appeared conducive to the healthy lifestyle of the residents.

Study on the overall implementation status of the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To understand the current overall status of implementation on the National Demonstration Areas of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases. Methods: According to the scheme design of the questionnaires, all the National Demonstration Areas were involved in this study. For each National Demonstration Areas, eight departments were selected to complete a total of 12 questionnaires. Results: Scores related to the implementation of the National Demonstration Areas accounted for 71.8% of the total 170 points. Based on the scores gathered from this study, the 23-items-index-system that represented the status of project implementation was classified into seven categories. Categories with higher percentile scores would include: monitoring (88.0%), safeguard measures (75.0%), health education and health promotion (75.0%). Categories with lower percentile scores would include: the national health lifestyle actions (67.7%), community diagnosis (66.7%), discovery and intervention of high-risk groups (64.7%), and patient management (60.9%). There were significant differences noticed among the eastern, central and western areas on items as safeguard measures, health education/promotion, discovery and intervention of high-risk groups. In all, the implementation programs in the eastern Demonstration Areas seemed better than in the central or western regions. As for the 23 items, five of the highest scores appeared on policy support, mortality surveillance, tumor registration, reporting system on cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events, and on tobacco control, respectively. However, the lowest five scores fell on healthy diet, patient self-management program, oral hygiene, setting up the demonstration units and promotion on basic public health services, respectively. The overall scores in the eastern region was higher than that in the central or the western regions. The scores in the central and western regions showed basically the same. Conclusions: The overall status of implementation on the National Demonstration Areas was satisfactory. Future attention should be focusing on patient management as well as discovery and intervention of high-risk groups, which also presented the lowest scores, in this survey.

Interactive effects between health literacy and mobile phone dependence as well as its relation with unintentional injuries in middle school students / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the interaction between health literacy, mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries in middle school students, and to provide guidance for prevention on unintentional injuries in adolescents. Methods: From November 2015 to January 2016, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 22 628 middle school students in Shenyang of Liaoning province, Bengbu of Anhui province, Xinxiang of Henan province, Ulanqab of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Chongqing and Yangjiang of Guangdong province. Chinese Adolescent Interactive Health Literacy Questionnaire (CAIHLQ), Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU), and Unintentional Injuries Assessment Scale and demographic variables were used to measure the health literacy, mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries among the Chinese middle school students. Results: The detection rates of mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries were 25.4% and 46.7%, respectively. The rates of unintentional injuries of middle school students with mobile phone dependence and with low, medium and high health literacy were 53.6%, 44.4% and 48.8%, 48.1%, 41.7%. Factors as mobile phone dependence, low and middle health literacy were positively related to unintentional injuries (OR=1.452, 1.196, 1.364). However, the multiplicative interaction between mobile phone dependence and health literacy on unintentional injuries was noticed significant (OR=1.217, 95%CI: 1.041-1.422). Conclusions: Our results showed that the prevalence of unintentional injuries was relatively high in middle school students. Health literacy and mobile phone dependence seemed related to unintentional injuries. Interaction between health literacy and mobile phone dependence on unintentional injuries appeared significant.

Síndrome de túnel carpiano en el embarazo: revisión de literatura y presentación de un caso clínico / Carpal tunnel syndrome in the pregnancy: literature review and presentation of a clinical case

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral neuropathy in the general population. In pregnant women the prevalence increases to 31-62 percent probably by edema secondary to the hormonal changes of pregnancy. The definitive treatment is surgical decompression, but in pregnant reserves only in exceptional cases where other treatments have failed. This population receives mainly conservative therapy consisting of splints, physical therapy and infiltration. Objective: To review the management of CTS in pregnant about a case. Methods: The clinical case of a pregnant patient with CTS managed conservatively was revised, based on this existing literature was reviewed. Results: 32 years old woman, studying 18 weeks pregnancy, consultation by paresthesia and loss of strength of both hands since1.5 months, more than right. Physical examination was consistent with bilateral CTS. Use of night splint is indicated. The electrodiagnostic evaluation reporting neuropathic sensitive-motor commitment severe intensity, subacute bilateral median nerve, with moderate denervation. Patient with symptoms persist, it is decided to perform infiltration of carpal tunnel steroid with good clinical and electrophysiological response. Conclusions: This case exemplifies the conservative treatment of CTS in pregnancy delivered good results. The literature supports the use of splints and steroid injections in this population...

Hot Towel Massage Relieved A 7 Years Orofacial Pain ' A Case Report

Introduction: Diagnosis and management of orofacialpain of non-odontogenic origin has always been achallenge to dentists. Inaccurate diagnosis wouldresult in delay of treatment and in cases of orofacialpain, affects patient’s quality of life. Temporomandibularpain dysfunction syndrome is the mostcommon temporomandibular disorder that presents todental clinics. Trigeminal neuralgia, also known as ticdouloureux is a relatively rare condition that causeselectric shock-like pain when the trigger zone isstimulated by triggering factor. Case report: A caseof temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndromein a 52 years old Indian lady that was managed astrigeminal neuralgia for 7 years is presented.Conclusion: The aim of this case report is to makedentists aware of the signs and symptoms of differentorofacial pain, so that early and accurate diagnosis canbe made and appropriate treatment instituted.Key words: orofacial pain; temporomandibular paindysfunction syndrome; trigeminal neuralgia

Nurses migration, deployment, enrollment and board passing trends in the Philippines(1999-2008)

Over the years, trends in international nurse migration and deployment as growth strategy have tremendous increased, resulting in the poliferation of nursing school, and remarkable increase in student enrolment in the nursing program. This is telling indicator that migration has woven its way into the educational and work aspiration of Filipinos. This study thus aims to investigate the migration and deployment trends in Filipino nurses, trends growth in the number of nursing schools, increase of enrolment and board passing rates; and phenomenon. Using the historical method of inquiry, data and information were gathered retrospectively from five (5) participating agencies, namely: CFO, POEA, CHED, PRC, and DOLE. The empirical data were then transcribed and subjected to analytical procedures, using the exponential time series analysis. The study revealed that the dominant destination country for permanent migration, that is for Filipino migrant nurses, is the USA; and deployment of nurses, that is for temporary migration, is the Saudi Arabia. Thus, the rise and fall of overall migration and deployment is largely dictated by the demand of USA with more permissive law for permanent migration; whereas, migration to other countries has a very insignificant effect on overall Filipino nurse migration. There is general decreasing trend in overall migration and deployment. Although deployment trend to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and other countries is significantly increasing, deployment to the United Kingdom and Ireland is decreasing; hence overall migration cannot be predicted. In general, it cannot significantly claimed that overall migration and deployment is increasing. With this scenario, nursing education with increasing enrolment and number of nursing schools coupled with decreasing board passing rate must be reassessed in the light of migration and deployment as a growth strategy.

[Correlation between nurses' communication skills and inpatient service quality in the hospitals of Kashan University of Medical Sciences]

Introduction: Today studies have shown that communication between the physician/or the nurse with the patient treated as a clinical skill and considered as one of the main effective factors in improving both client's satisfaction and health care outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between nurses' communication skills and inpatient service quality in the hospitals of Kashan University of Medical Sciences, 2011

Methods and Materials: In this correlation study using a stratified sampling, 384 patients from hospitals of Kashan University of Medical Sciences were selected. A three-section questionnaire for assessing respectively demographic characteristics, nurse's communication skill, and inpatient service quality was used to collect the data. For communication skills, instrument validity and reliability were tested by content validity method and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92, respectively on 20 patients in the hospitals under study. In measuring the service quality, SERVQUAL Scale was used. With regard to analyzing the data, Freedman's statistical test was applied to study the service quality dimensions versus inpatient service quality. Also Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was applied to detect the type and level of relationship among the nurses' communication skills

Findings: Results showed that there was a significant correlation between communication skills and inpatient service quality in the hospitals [P-value=0.001 and R=0.782]. The patients noticed a positive and significant correlation between communication skills and service quality dimensions. The intensity of the relationship between the two variables from the highest to the lowest is 0.708, 0.689, 0.637, 0.552, and 0.514, respectively for the assurance, reliability, responsiveness, empathy, and tangibles

Conclusion: Consequently, improving the communication skills for the hospital personnel can improve the service quality contribution of hospitals

La edad como factor determinante en la decisión para utilizar la terapia de anticoagulación oral: una auditoria de gestión clínica / Age as a determinant factor in the decision to use oral anticoagulant therapy: clinical auditing of a prospective program for anticoagulation control

Introducción: Con los cambios demográficos, más adultos mayores cumplen con los criterios para la terapia anticoagulante; sin embargo, este grupo etario en particular tiene potencialmente más factores de riesgo para sufrir hemorragias causadas por la terapia anticoagulante. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la calidad de control del tratamiento de anticoagulación y su relación con la edad. Métodos: Se analizaron todos los pacientes atendidos en el Policlínico de Anticoagulación, Hospital de Carabineros de Chile, antes y después de un programa de educación al paciente e implementación de una guía clínica. Resultados: 188 pacientes, 102 mujeres (edad promedio 71,2 años) y 86 hombres (edad promedio 71,1 años) participaron en el estudio. Todos los pacientes cumplieron con las pautas de la guía. Antes de la implementación, los pacientes > 80 años tuvieron más exámenes con un INR > 5,0; después no hubo diferencias. El análisis post- guía demostró no haber diferencia significativas entre los pacientes según la edad. Conclusiones: Con la implementación de una guía clínica y educación del paciente, la edad "per se" no es una contraindicación para el tratamiento anticoagulante en pacientes que cumplen con los criterios establecidos.

Background: With the world's population changes, people that are more elderly fulfil the criteria for oral anticoagulation; however, these patients have the highest risk for hemorrhagic side effects. Aim: to determine the effect of patient age on the quality of oral anticoagulation control. Patients and Methods: All patients attending the Outpatient Anticoagulation Clinic, Hospital de Carabineros de Chile, were included in the study. Baseline parameters were measured before and after the introduction of a clinical protocol including patient education. Results: 188 patients, 102 women, mean age 71.2 years and 86 men mean age 71.1 years participated. All patients fulfilled the protocol's criteria. Before the implementation of the program, patients older than 80 years were more likely to have occasional INRs >5.0 compared to younger patients. After program implementation, all age groups significantly improved their control parameters; no differences in time outside the therapeutic range between age groups were observed. Conclusion: Age "per se" is not a contraindication for oral anticoagulation. With an educational program and a dedicated outpatient clinic, the number of elderly patients achieving therapeutic targets of anticoagulation is the same as that in younger age groups. Thus, older patients who potentially have more to gain from stroke prevention should be considered for anticoagulation when fulfilling protocol criteria.

Extensive deep neck space abscess due to B-Haemolytic group G Streptococci-A case report.

Beta haemolytic phenotype of group G streptococci was isolated from the pus obtained from a patient with extensive deep neck space abscess. Patient was immunocompetent and made complete recovery after surgical drainage and administration of amoxycillin with clavulanic acid, amikacin and metronidazole. To our knowledge, this is the first report of deep neck space abscess due to group G streptococci.