RESUMEN
Background: There are various methods to read out responses of a polymer-gel dosimeter, among which the Magnetic Resonance Imaging [MRI] technique is the most common one. Optimizing imaging protocols can have significant effect on the sensitivity and the dose resolution of polymer gel dosimeters. This study has investigated the effects of the number of echoes [NOE] and the echo time spacing [ES] parameters on the response of the PAGATUG polymer gel dosimeter
Materials and Methods: The polymer gel dosimeters were produced under the normal atmospheric condition, then irradiated using a[60]Co clinical radiation source. The polymer gel dosimeters were imaged using MRI technique with different imaging protocols. Afterwards, the effects of the ES and the NOE on the R2-sensitivity and the dose resolution of PAGATUG polymer gel dosimeter have been investigated
Results: Results showed that the sensitivity decreased with increasing NOE. However, it was found that the resolution got better with increasing NOE. Furthermore, the investigation of signal intensity decay curve showed that the R2 values in NOE less than 5 was less reliable. According to the results, no significant difference were found between the sensitivities of the polymer gel dosimeters which were imaged with different ESs, except for ES=22 ms. However, dose resolution suffered from ES increasing
Conclusion: Dosimetric parameters of PAGATUG polymer gel dosimeter reaches to their optimum values by imaging with ES=25ms and NOE=10
RESUMEN
Since Zinc deficiency stunts growth of children and increases the incidence of infection specially in young children, we decided to perform this research on the serum level of zincand it's relation with two diseases [Pneumonia, Gastroenteritis] in 1-4 year old children in Ali-Asghar Hospital in Zahedan. The study is a case-control study which performed on 204 children [1-4 y] that divided into 3 equal groups of 68 persons [control, Pneumonia, G.E] through Aban 1381 till Ordibehesht 1382. The control group was selected from healthy children and the cases were selected from admitted children with pneumonia and or gastroenteritis. We excluded the cases which had severe malnutrition, Co-infected with pneumonia and G.E. or co- infected with other diseases or consumed zinc supplement. The serum zinc level was measured by the Atomic Absorption method in chemistry college of S and B University of Zahedan and collected data were analyzed by means of one way analysis of variance and Fisher and Turkey exam using SPSS software. Of 204 studied children, 59% [120] were boy and 41% [84] were girl. The mean age of the children in study was [2.71 +/- 1.38 Y] in control group, [2.55 +/- 1.32 y], in pneumonia group: [2.84 +/- 1.32 Y] in gastroenteritis group. The results of this study revealed that the mean serum zinc level in children with Pneumonia was 70.5 +/- 10.95 microgram/dl, in children with G.E. was 73.12 +/- 9.09 microldl and in control group was 94.9 +/- 11.96 micro/dl. This differences is valuable [P=0.000] in statistical study, also there is no valuable differences in serum zinc level between Pneumonia and G.E. groups and no valuable differences found in sex and age between two groups of case and control group. The findings of this study show that serum zinc level in under 5-years-old children <5 Y] with pneumonia or G.E is low, and zinc deficiency can increase frequency of pneumonia and gastroenteritis and it is expected that intervention programmed with zinc fortified food or zinc supplementations to children under 5Y in areas with zinc deficiency, can decrease rate of pneumonia and G.E.
RESUMEN
Background: various systems of Computerized Tomographic [CT] staging and scoring have been applied to define the extent of sinus abnormality and the degree of mucosal thickening. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery [FESS] has been used with considerable success rate to treat chronic sinonasal patients unresponsive to medical therapy. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the result of CT scoring and staging and the outcome of surgery
Methods: the one year outcome of FESS together with preoperative CT staging and scoring were determined and compared with each other
Results: compared to those with higher stages [III and IV], patients with lower preoperative CT stages [I and II] had a significantly higher successful outcome of surgery. CT staging and scoring were obviously correlated
Conclusions: the results of this study show that preoperative CT staging and scoring are two useful means for better prediction of the long-term outcome of surgery one year after FESS