[Wolfram syndrome about 2 family cases]

Wolfram syndrome or DIDMOAD syndrome is an hereditary optic atrophy occurring in insulin-dependent diabetics. It can be associated with other endocrinal, ORL, neurologic or urologic disorders, We report 2 cases: brother and sister presenting 2 principal signs of this syndrome: optic atrophy and insulin-dependent diabetes. The ophthalmologic exam shows a visual acuity at stade of blindness. The genetic inquiry shows a parental consanguinity and 2 other supposed dead cases affected in the family

[Irvan syndrome rare etiology of vasculitis]

Clinical study of retinal vasculitis secondary to IRVAN syndrome. A 20 years old female patient presented visual impairment of the left eye under 1110. Ophtalmoscopy and retinal angiography showed macular edema with exsudates and bilateral retinal vasculitis with irregular diameter, papillar floorescence and peripheral ischemic retinopathy of both eyes. Serologic exams and anterior chamber punctore analysis were normal eliminating infectious and inflammatory causes of vascuhtis. The diagnosis of IRVAN syndrom was retained and peripheral panphotocoagulation proposed for both eyes. IRVAN Syndrome affect young women, without association with systemic desease. It's a rare etiology of vasculitis. The diagnosis is clinical and doesn't nead a lot of investigations

New treatments of premacular hemorrhages - about 5 cases

To evaluate functional results and evolution of premacular hemorrhages treated with Nd Yag laser. 5 patients presenting a macular hemorrhage were treated with Nd Yag laser. The cause was ruptured macroaneurysm in 2 cases, diabetic retinopathy in 2 cases, Valsalva manoeuvre in one case. Minimum number of impacts and minimal power are underwent to permit through a hyaloidotomy to the blood to flow out in the vitreous cavity. Surveillance comported visual acuity measurement and ophthalmoscopy. The follow up is 4 months. Initial visual acuity was limited to light perception. Ophthalmoscopy showed in all cases premacular hemorrhage of great size: [5 at 7 papillary diameters] and hemorrhage's etiology in 4 cases. Visual acuity improvement was noted in 4 cases with mean visual acuity of 5/10 after treatment [4/10 at 7/10]. Treatment of premacular hemorrhages with laser Nd Yag have the advantage to permit rapid resolution of hemorrhage and to restore visual acuity in young patients in activity. premacular hemorrages treatment with Nd Yag laser is a non invasive technique efficient and safe

[Complications of triamcinolone intravitreal injection]

Intravitreal tnaincinolone acetonide has been used in numerous pathologies diabetic macular edema is one of them Our study is prospective including 20 eyes of diabetic patients with diabetic macular edema They underwent intravitreal injection of 4 mg of triamcinolone when visual acuity is under 3/10 Our aim is to describe the main complications noted High intraocular pressure was noted in 20% of cases but this elevation was transitory and controlled with topical medications in all patients. Lens opacification occurs also in 20% of our patients and interested among all posterior subcapsular but also cortical layers. We noted that half of the patients that presented high intraocular pressure developed cataract. None of our patients developed the other intraocular injection complications: no case of endophtalmitis or pseudohypopion, no retinal detachment or intravitreal hemorrhage, no case of cortisone crystals settling on the macular region. We think that these complications may not dissuade of practicing intravitreal injection of Triamcinolone

[Vitrectomy results in retinal vein occasion]

Retinal vein occlusion results in decrease of visual acuity secondary to complications such as intravitreal hemorrhage due to retinal neovascularisation, neovascular glaucoma and retinal detachment. The purpose of our study is to discuss the surgical indications, the results and the post operative complications after vitrectomy for intravitreal hemorrhage or retinal detachment due to retinal vein occlusion. 75% of our patients underwent vitrectomy for retinal vein occlusion with retinal neovascularisation and intravitreal hemorrhage. A three port pars plana vitrectomy was performed, and if needed peeling of fibrovascular membrane, endophotocoagulation, scleral buckling and internal tamponnement. Improvement in visual acuity was noted in 80% of the patients. Cataract was the main postoperative complication : in 80% of cases. Final prognosis was determined by the macula state

Epidemiologie de la retinopathie diabetique

The frequency of diabetic retinopathy [DR] which represents a major cause of blindness and its relationship with a number of related factors were studied in 400 diabetic patients. 37.5% of patients showed DR, this frequency increased with age and sex [female] but especially with weakly balanced and longer duration daibetes. 11.5% of patients were blind. The importance of well balancing diabetes and other factors such high blood pressure and regular ophthalmic examination are raised

Primary open angle glaucoma: tools for early screening

The main examns for early diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma [POAG] in fifty patients are described. The authors conclused that ocular pressure in any patient older than 40 years have to be measured systematically, also examination of optic disc and especially the investigation of visual field in suspected patients preferably with automated perimetry rare are crucial

L'heredite dans la retinopathie pigmentaire

40 families of pigmentar retinopathies were studied: the illness manifest at the end of the first decade or at the beginning of the second. It is often associated to other congenital affections. The genetic inquiry revealed that the transmission is done in the majority of the cases according to the recessive antosomal very often related to the sex. This transmission is favorized by the consanguineous marriages frequency, and the illness may appear in 25% of the families in which we know cases, and that what renders an account to give importance of the genetic advice