[ comparative study of measurement accuracy of cyber space analysis software with manual method in mixed dentition]

Statement of Problem: One of the considerations regarding the space analysis in study casts is the issue of speed and precision in analysis

Purpose: This research aimed to design a software to conduct space analysis and evaluate its accuracy compared to manual space analysis

Materials and Method: This research was conducted in two stages: Exploratory and Cross- Sectional. The subjects were selected randomly from patients between 7 to 11 years of age referring to the orthodontics clinic at the dentistry school of the Islamic Azad University. About 30 study models [15 pairs] were randomly selected. Space analysis with manual method was performed .Space analysis with the aid of Cyber Space Analysis software was also carried out by locating the required landmarks on digital images of dental casts. The accuracy of this software in comparison with the manual method in space analysis for mixed dentition was evaluated using T student test

Results: The average time required for space analysis using the software was 3.4 minutes as compared to the manual method which took 7.81 minutes on average. The results from software-assisted space analysis showed no significant difference with that obtained from the manual method [p < 0.0001]

Conclusion: The results from software-assisted space analysis were similar to those of the manual method. However, software-assisted space analysis is carried out more quickly than the manual method

Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of/N-piperazinyl quinlone derivatives with 5-chloro-2-thienyl group

Fluoroquinolones are an important group of antimicrobial agents that are used widely in the treatment of various infectious diseases. The purpose of the present study was to synthesize new N-piperazinyl quinolone derivatives with 5-chloro-2-theinyl group having possible antimicrobial activity. Reaction of ciprofloxacin [1], norfloxacin [2] and enoxacin [3] with alpha-bromoketone 10 or alpha-bromooxime derivatives 11a-c in DMF, in the presence of NaHCO[3] at room temperature, afforded corresponding ketones 4a-c or oxime derivatives 5-7[a-c], respectively. The synthesized compounds were tested against a series of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results of MIC tests against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria revealed that ciprofloxacin derivatives [compounds 4a, 5a, 6a and 7a] were more active than norfloxacin and enoxacin analogues. Compound 5a, containing N-[2-[5-chlorothiophen-2-yl]-2-hydroxyiminoethyl] residue provided a high in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with MIC of 0.06, 0.125, 0.5 and 0.125 micro g/mL against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. feacalis and B. subtilis, respectively. Its activity was found to be 4 to 8 times better than reference drug [ciprofloxacin] against all Gram-positive bacteria with the exception of E. feacalis

[Comparison of the effect of light-cure and dual-cure bondings on regional bond strength fiber reinforced posts to root canal]

The use of fiber reinforced posts in endodontically treated teeth has become increasingly common. But their retention in root canals must be considered seriously. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of light-cure and dual-cure bondings on regional bond strength of a fiber composite post. In this experimental in vitro study, 20 endodontically treated teeth were randomly divided into two groups. In the first group, a dual-cure bonding [Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus, 3M ESPE/USA] [SBMP] was used and in the other group, a light-cure bonding [Single Bond, 3M ESPE/USA] [SB] was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. A dual-cure resin cement [Rely X ARC, 3M ESPE/USA] was used to cement the post [Glassix, Harald Nordin SA, Switzerland]. Coronal 8mm of cemented posts were sectioned in equal thirds using a 0.0 mm diamond disc. Each slice was polished by a soft and wet abrasive paper in order to get a 2mm thickness. Loading was performed by a testing machine [Zwick/Germany] at a speed of 1 mm/min until the post was dislodged. Data were analyzed using one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov, T and ANOVA tests with P<0.05 as the level of significance. There was a significant difference between the two adhesive systems in the middle third of the canal block with higher bond strength in SBMP group [p=0.02]. In SB group the bond strength of the cervical region was higher than the middle and apical third [p<0.05]. In SBMP group, there was no statistically difference between bond stength of the three regions [p=0.117]. Based on the results of this study, dual-cure bonding could be recommended for composite post cementation into root canals, because its bond strength was more uniform in different regions of root and greater in the middle and third regions

[Synthesis of novel 2-methyl-3-triazolyl chromanone oxime ether derivatives as potential antifungal agents]

Despite growing list of antifungal agents, their clinical value has been limited by their relatively high risk of toxicity, the emergence of drug resistance, and insufficiencies in their antifungal activity. This situation has led to an ongoing search for potent broad spectrum antifungal agents with low side effects, which can be administered both orally and parenterally. This paper describes synthesis and structural characterization of 2-methyl-3- triazolyl chromanone oxime ethers as potential antifungal agent. Bromination of 2-hydroxyacetophenones with copper [II] bromide followed by reaction with 1,2,4-triazole gave the corresponding ?-triazolyl-2-hydroxyacetophenones, which separated as regioisomers. Ring closure of ?-triazolyl-2-hydroxyacetophenones with acetaldehyde in acetic acid gave the corresponding 2-methyl-3-triazolyl chromanones predominantly in the trans configuration. The target compounds [oxime ether derivatives] were prepared by reacting corresponding 2-methyl-3-triazolyl chromanone derivatives with O-benzyl hydroxylamine hydrochlorides in methanol at room temperature. All of the target compounds were characterized by their [1]H NMR, IR and mass spectral data. A convenient and efficient synthesis and structural characterization of 2-methyl-3-triazolyl chromanone oxime ether as potential antifungal agents has been achieved. 1H-NMR spectra were generally used to assign the stereochemistry of the isomers [E or Z form] of oxime ethers

Cytotoxicologic studies of the extracts of Iranian juniperus Sabina and platycladus orientalis on cancer cells

Background: isolation and identification of some potent anti-tumor compounds from medicinal plants, has motivated researchers to screen different parts of plant species for anti-tumor effects. It has been reported that several conifers posses cytotoxic activities on some human tumor cell lines

Methods: in this study male and female branchlets or fruits of two different species of Iranian conifers were collected from the northern parts of Iran and identified. Hydroalcoholic extracts of them were prepared by perculation. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts on three human tumor cell lines [Hela, KB, and MDA-MB-468] were determined. Different concentrations of extracts were added to cultured cells and incubated for 72 h. Cell survival was evaluated using MTT-based cytotoxicity assay. Cytotoxicity was considered when mor than 50% decrese was seen in cell survival

Results: although the extracts from Platycladus orientalis significantly decreased Hela and MDA-MB-468 cell curvival, their effects were not considerable. Extracts from fruit and branchlets of male and female Juniperus sabina showed cytotoxic activities against Hela and MDA-MB-468 cells

Conclusion: it is concluded that extracts of J. sabin have cytotoxic effects on cancer cells