[Evaluation of Aydughmush dam reservoir water quality by national sanitation foundation water quality index [NSF-WQI] and water quality parameter changes]

Aydughmush dam was built on Aydughmush River at 19km in southwest of Mianeh City. The dam is multipurpose and its main aims are the spring floods control, supplying potable water for villages and providing irrigation water. Different pollutants which probably discharge to the river finally enter to the dam reservoir so; this study focuses on evaluating the quality of the dam reservoir. In this cross sectional study standard field parameters including dissolved oxygen, temperature, Biochemical and chemical oxygen Demand, Most Probable Number of Coliforms, Fecal Coliform, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Solids, pH, conductivity and others were measured at eight different stations during the spring and summer in 2010. Sampling points were selected on the basis of their importance. Water quality index was calculated using water quality index calculator given by National Sanitation Foundation [NSF] information system. The highest value of WQI of the samples was 84.89 in A3 station in July while the lowest value was 67.96 in A2 station in May. The lower value of WQI has been found mainly due to the slightly lower value of DO in the dam reservoir water. Most of the water samples were found within Good category of National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index [NSF-WQI]. Comparison of the measured parameters based on the sampling stations and various months by variance and t-student analysis showed a significant relationship for some parameters[P<0.05]. Nutrient budget determination indicates that the concentration of phosphate, nitrite, nitrate and ammonia at inlet are higher than outlet of the dam reservoir. The calculated [WQI] showed good water quality. Based on the results of NSFQWI calculations, the dam reservoir water quality is suitable for various purposes

[ comparison between the effects of two saliva stimuli and ordinary chewing gums on xerostomia in hemodialysis patients]

One of the most important side effects of frequent hemodialysis is xerostomia. Therefore, this study compared saliva secretion caused by a specific saliva stimulant chewing gum [Bioten] with an ordinary sugar free one [Orbit] on hemodialysis patients. This study was a clinical, double-blinded cross-over study. Thirty volunteer hemodialysis patients of two dialysis centers in Isfahan were randomly classified into two groups. In the first period of 14 days, each group was given one brand of chewing gum [Biotene or Orbit] to chew. Three gums a day of each brand were given to each group to chew for at least 10 minutes, while the other group was given the other brand. After a one- week-washout period in between, the second 14 days period was accomplished by changing the brands of chewing gums given to each group. Before the beginning of the study and after each period, the secreted saliva was measured. The findings were statistically analyzed using the t test and Wilcoxon test. Chewing each kind led to a considerable increase in saliva secretion and achieved patient satisfaction [p<0.05] while the efficacy of Bioten was significantly higher [p<0.001]. Regarding the patients' overall satisfaction about the effect of the chewing gums on reducing xerostomia, most patients chose Bioten [p<001]. Both kinds of chewing gums were effective in increasing saliva secretion. However, the effect of Bioten was more significant

[ frequency of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep slaughtered in Shiraz abattoir]

The frequency of casesous lymphadenitis in 1000 sheep slaughtered in Shiraz abattoir was determined with respect to the sex and age of animals. No significant difference due to sex was observed. Significant increase in the level of infection with age was present. Infection rate of prescapular prefemoral and inguinal lymph nodes in different ages were: less than 1 year; 0.91%, 1-2 years; 2.05% 2-3 years; 4.27% and more than 3 years; 8.28%. Also the infection rate of prescapular prefemoral and inguinal lymph nodes was 72.22% 16.67% and 11.11% respectively. None of supramammary lymph node was found infected. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was isolated from 58.77% of positive samples