Moderately differentiated neuroendocrine cell carcinoma of the vulva: a case report and review of the literature

Primary vulvar neuroendocrine carcinoma are extremely rare. There have been few cases of these tumors most of which have been considered as Merkel cell carcinoma. This report describes a moderately differentiated neuroendocrine cell carcinoma that was not compatible to any of previously reported cases. The patient underwent left hemivulvectomy and bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection. Pathology examination revealed a 5×5 cm mass with no lymph node involvement. Post-op evaluation ruled out any regional and distant metastasis and thereby did not receive chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Four years of close follow up evidenced no signs of recurrence, regional involvement or distant metastasis

[Effects of commercial pectinases Rapidase Smart and RapidaseMax C80 on the quality of Shahani and Mazafati date syrups]

In Iran insufficient attention is paid to the processing methods and potential byproducts of dates. It is at least partly for these reasons that the wastage of this important food item is high. Consequently, research on the processing of date byproducts, such as date syrup, is essential. This study was carried out in order to obtain more information on the subject and find ways to improve date syrup-extracting conditions. In order to determine the effects of pectinase on syrups obtained from various date varieties, two varieties, namely, Shahani and Mazafati dates were used, and the extraction of syrup was carried out reciprocally. The pH of the syrup was set at 4.5 and the temperature at 45 Degree°C, the 2 pectinases, i.e., Rapidase Smart and Rapidase Max C80 [DSM Company, Netherland] were added, and color, turbidity, dissolved solid materials [BX] and viscosity of the syrup were determined. The SPSS software version 19 was used for data analysis, the ststistical test being the multi-range Duncan test. Rapidase Smart [used for syrup extraction] brought about increases in turbidity and dissolved solid materials [BX] and improved color in syrups obtained from both date varieties, while Rapidase Max C80 [used for clarification] caused decreases in these characteristics. Moreover, the treated syrup samples had a lower viscosity compared to the untreated ones, but no significant differences were found among the treated samples [p>0.05]. Although syrup-extracting enzymes cause an increase in turbidity and improve color in date syrup, their use is recommended because they increase efficiency of extraction and decrease the viscosity of the syrup

Comparing the effect of phenytoin syrup and triamcinolone acetonide ointment on aphthous ulcers in patients with Behcet's syndrome

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis [RAS] appears to be the most common type of oral ulcers. The lesion is usually self limited but its painful presentation results in some difficulties. Therefore, an efficient therapeutic strategy is required and currently existing therapies seem to be inadequate because of its unclear etiology. Here the therapeutic effect of triamcinolone acetonide ointment as a relatively expensive medication has been compared with phenytoin syrup on aphthous ulcers in patients with Behcet's syndrome. Thirty out of 60 our patients with Behcet's syndrome were randomly treated by phenytoin syrup and the remaining were advised to use 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide ointment. After a week, they were visited again to determine the status of aphthous ulcers. Positive response in the triamcinolone acetonide group and phenytoin group was 86.7% and 53.3%, respectively. The effectiveness of triamcinolone acetonide ointment was more than phenytoin on aphthous ulcers in patients with Behcet's syndrome

[ comparative study of fracture strength of pulpotomized primary molars after restoration with compomer and composite]

Maintenance of primary teeth has a special importance for development of occlusion and arc stability. Primary teeth which have lost a lot of tooth structure are restored routinely with stainless steel crowns-Bonded restorations reinforce the remnant structure of tooth and increase the fracture strength. The purpose of this study was to determine the fracture strength of pulpotomized primary molars after restoring with Coremax II and Compoglass. In this parallel in vitro interventional study, 60 extracted second primary molars, were selected. After the teeth were mounted in self-curing acrylic resin, the standard pulpotomy was performed. The teeth were divided into 3 groups of 20. Group A was restored with Coremax II, group B with Compoglass and group C [control] with amalgam. All groups were subdivided into 2 subgroups for load cycling Subgroups a[1], b[1] and C[1] were regarded as baseline without load cycling. Subgroups A[2], B[2] and C[2] were loaded for a period of 5 days load cycling. After that, the specimens were placed in Incubator for 24 hours. Finally all groups were fractured in the Instron Machine. compressive test was performed with the round Cross head speed of 5-mm/min. All specimens were examined for type of fracture [adhesive, cohesive] with use of a steriomicroscope [xl6]. Quantitative data analysis was done using ANOVA and Duncan's test with a 95% significance level. Chi-square test was performed for evaluation of kind of fracture. There was an interaction between two factors of time and material [P<0.05]. The time interval had a significant effect on mean fracture strengths of Coremax II and amalgam [P<0.05]. The most fracture strength was observed at base line. Kind of material had a significant effect on fracture strength. At baseline, Compoglass had the least mean fracture strength [97.19 kg] and Coremax II had the greatest one [131.39]. After 5 years there was no significant difference in fracture strength between amalgam and Compoglass, but the fracture strength of Coremax was significantly higher than the others [P<0.05]. There was a correlation between kind of fracture and material. In amalgam, 100% of fracture was of adhesive and in Compoglass, 60% of cohesive type while in Coremax II, 85% of the fracture was of adhesive type. According to this study and because of high fracture strength of teeth restored with Core max II, this material is an acceptable restoration material just for restoration of pulpotomized primary molars