RESUMEN
Background: elective tracheotomy is commonly performed in hospitals in association with intensive care units. Otherwise, after failure in attempts for intubation, this surgical procedure is fulfilled when emergency conditions exist. According to the high incidence of this operation and its importance the authors designed study by gathering information about patients including the most common, and postoperative complications, knowledge about these problems, and leads to prevention of complications of intubation and tracheotomy
Methods and Materials: in a retrospective study with randomized sampling files of 249 cases of tracheotomy were studied. 72.65% of cases were male. Ages of patients ranged from 3 months to 85 years. The most common indications for long-term intubation and long airway holding were coma, laryngeal cancer, laryngeal trauma, thyroid cancers, laryngitis and epiglottitis respectively
Results and Conclusion: the time between intubation and tracheotomy was 10 days or less in 20.296, between 11-20 clays in 57.96%, and 21 days or more in 21.6% of cases. The most common complications Post operatively, were ostium infection[8.4%], pneumothorax [1.6%], unilateral atelectasis of lung [1.4%], Hemorrhage of the site of operation [1.2%], Subcutaneous emphysema, [0.8%], tracheomalacia [0.4%], rupture of innominate artery [0.4%], tracheal stricture [0.8%] and at last, large granulation tissue on the anterior wall of trachea [0.4%] respectively, However, 27.48% of cases died because of their basic problem, so evaluation of probable delayed complications was impossible. About 57.15% of cases had no complications