RESUMEN
There are few studies on application of Demineralized Bone Matrix [DBM] in presence of a disease, such as type I diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the osteoinductive and osteoconductive effects of DBM on the repair of alveolar bone in diabetic rats treated with insulin. This experimental study was carried out on 50 adult male [8 weeks old] rats [200-250g body weight]. The animals were divided into four groups as follow: first group, containing 8 animals, as control group and second, third and fourth groups, containing 14 animals [in each group], were diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by alloxan. Among the diabetic groups, only group 4 received 1 unit of Insulin NPH daily. After 10 days, the upper right incisor tooth was extracted and the socket was filled with DBM in groups 3 and 4. At the end of the first and second weeks, half of the rats in each group were decapitated. The specimens were prepared and stained with H and E [Hematoxylin-Eozine] method. The histological changes around the DBM particle showing osteoblastic activity were studied. In group 4, at the end of first week, osteoblastic activity and formation of bone trabecula and collagen fibers[5 from 7 animals], and at the end of second week, osteogenesis with formation of more and thicker bone trabecula in vicinity of DBM was observed. In group 3, at the end of first week, osteoinductivity and osteoconductive effects were seen in some area around DBM Particles [3 from 7 animales], meanwhile degeneration of bone matrix were seen by osteoclastic activity. At the end of second week, osteogenesis was dispersly seen. In group 2, hematom and inflammation were the dominant features at the end of first week and at the end of second week, osteogenesis was seen weakly. In group 1, histological findings at the end of first and second weeks, were osteogenesis around periodental ligament [PDL] and osteogenesis with formation of bone trabecula respectively. Our results indicated that DBM particles can stimulate undifferentiated cells to start differentiate to pro-osteoblast and osteoblast in control diabetic rats, so osteogenesis in this group, was better in comparison with other diabetic groups and it is a good mater for graft