[Comparison of picture naming ability in fluent and non-fluent aphasics: an analysis of 4 cases]

Impairment of noun retrieval is common among aphasic patients, but some of previous studies represent differences between noun retrieval ability of various aphasia syndromes. Current study investigates and compares the picture naming ability of 4 patients with fluent and non-fluent aphasia. Present study investigated the naming ability of 2 fluent and 2 non-fluent aphasic patients with oral picture naming test. This test contains line drawing of 109 nouns. Patients were asked to name each picture with a single word. Responses were classified according to Philadelphia Naming Test scoring system as correct and semantic, formal, mixed, non-word, unrelated and others error [no response, description/circumlocution, miscellaneous error]. Then, the data were investigated in terms of descriptive statistics and analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. The score of non-fluent aphasics was more than fluent ones. The percentage of semantic errors in fluent group and no responses among non-fluent patients were more than the other types. Despite of personal differences, all error types were found in responses of patients. The difference between score and error types in fluent and non-fluent patients was not significant [p>.05]. This scoring system can define a variety of word retrieval errors. The fluent aphasics have more noun retrieval problems than non-fluent patients. Although, there are differences between two groups, but error type in picture naming is not a precise factor for distinguish between various aphasia syndromes and there is similarity in impaired underling mechanisms and naming behavior of them

[Investigation of acoustic correlation of intonation and intelligibility of speech in children with cochlear implant and comparison with normal hearing children]

Intonation has important roles on increase in intelligibility and conveyance correct meaning especially in conversational speech. Recognition of intonation correlates with three acoustic parameters: fundamental frequency, intensity and duration. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the acoustic correlation of intonation and intelligibility of speech in children with cochlear implant [CI] and compare with normal hearing [NH] children. This study has been carried out on 25 cochlear implant children and 25 children with normal hearing in primary school age ranges. Ten pictures were shown to children and statement and question sentences were elicited from them. To investigation of intelligibility, produced sentences were perceptually judgment by seven speech therapists and were scored by five point rating value. Acoustic correlation were determined using Praat software. The results showed that there were significantly difference between two groups in each of acoustic correlations [P<0.05]. Intelligibility scores of CI children were significantly lower than ones of NH children [P<0.05]. There were significantly correlation between intonation and intelligibility scores, also between intelligibility and duration of implant use [P<0.05]. According to the findings of the present study, cochlear implant children's performance in using of acoustic correlation of intonation is lower than normal hearing peers that results in inappropriately intonation. Inappropriately intonation can be the cause of low intelligibility in cochlear implant children. Thus, intervention of intonation should be considered in treatment program of cochlear implant children

Investigation of perception of intonation in primary school ages cochlear implant children and comparison with normal hearing children

Intonation perception mainly relies on fundamental frequency changes perception that is not available for individual with profound to severe hearing loss. The aim of the present study is to investigate the perception of intonation in cochlear implanted children and compare with normal hearing children. This study has been carried out on 25 cochlear implanted children and 50 children with normal hearing. An adult who her first language was Persian, expressed some questions and statement sentences. These sentences were playing for child and was asked him/her to determine whether it was in a question form or statement one. The results showed that perception of question and statement sentences intonation had significantly differences between two groups [P<0.05]. Perception of question and statement sentences intonation had significantly correlation with age at implantation and duration of implant use [P<0.05]. According to the findings of the current study and previous studies, cochlear implant has some deficits in facilitating the perception of intonation. However, this limitation has been compensated partly for early surgery. Thus, speech language pathologists should consider intervention of intonation in treatment program of cochlear implanted children