Fnac In Diagnosis Of Breast Lesion

INTRODUCTION:Breast carcinoma is the leading most common malignant tumor and leading cause of carcinoma death with more than 1000000 cases occurring world wide annually 1. FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) has become widely accepted as a reliable diagnostic tool for diagnosis of breast masses3.The aim of the study was to classify Breast lesions & correlate with histopathology Report.MATERIALS & METHOD:This was a retrospective observational study done over a period of one year (Jan. 17-Dec. 17) in Cytology Division of Department of Pathology of AMC MET Medical College at L.G.Hospital Campus ,a tertiary Health Care located in Maninagar Ahmedabad .Of total 1104 FNAC were done in the department among these 215 were Breast Lesions.Breast lesions were categorized into Inflammatory,Benign with No Risk, Benign with moderate Risk,Suspicious & Malignant.RESULTS:The Maximum number of cases was in the age group of 18-30 in Benign Breast Lesion. Malignant Breast Lesion was found in the age group of above 41.

Haemovigilance Effect And Its Utility In Quality Management To Prevent Blood Transfusion Reaction

INTRODUCTION: Haemovigilance is defined as a set of surveillance procedures covering whole transfusion chain from the collection of blood and its components to the follow up of its recipients, intended to collect and access information on unexpected or undesirable effects resulting from the therapeutic use of labile blood products, and to prevent their occurrence and recurrence.(1) AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: An effective effort towards the study of haemovigilance programme by evaluating the different adverse reactions occurring due to blood transfusion in patient receiving regular or temporary blood transfusion.The ultimate goal of a haemovigilance system is to improve the safety of blood transfusion. METHODS & MATERIALS: The current study was done at Blood bank AMC MET Medical College & LG Hospital, Ahmedabad. All the adverse reactions related to transfusion of blood components between April-2014 to March-2016 issued were studied.RESULT: In this study, total 17264 blood component (PCV, PRC, FFP, CRYO) were issued. From total 20 BTR, 18 BTR due to PCV, and 02 BTR due to PRC. In which 08 patients have febrile reaction, 07 patients have allergic reaction, 02 patients have non TRALI associated dyspnea and 01 patient has uneasiness-giddiness due to the PCV. 02 patients have allergic reaction which occurred due to PRC.CONCLUSION: Haemovigilance is an essential component of quality management in a blood system and is needed for the continual enhancement of quality and safety of blood products and transfusion process by monitoring and safeguarding the adverse events associated with the use of blood products.

A comparative overview of histopathology of granulomatous lesions of skin

Granulomatous lesions of the skin and subcutaneous tissue are common in India. They are known as “Dermal Granulomas”. In present study following types of Dermal Granulomas were included – Leprosy, Cutaneous Tuberculosis, Syphilis, Fungal, Actinomycosis, Foreign body Granuloma, Granuloma annulare and Sarcoidosis. Histopathology remains a time tested tool for establishing a correct diagnosis. Clinical lesions often reveal surprising underlying pathology. Hence carrying out skin biopsies and microscopic study with routine haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) as well as special stains are must in these disorders so that the type and aetiological agent of the granuloma are properly identified. Besides, follow-up biopsies after the commencement of treatment help in evaluation of the response to therapy. Methods: 52 cases were studied over a period of 2 and a half years. Specimens were collected from the patients of skin, surgery and ENT department. A brief clinical history with age presenting symptoms and signs were recorded. Routine investigations like ESR were performed. Comparison of our study was done with others around the country. Results: Most common type of dermal granuloma was leprosy (59.6%) followed by cutaneous tuberculosis (21.1%), Foreign Body (5.7%), Granuloma Annulare (5.7%), Fungal (5.7%), Actinomycosis (1.9%) and Sarcoidosis (1.9%). Dermal granulomas were most common between the age group of 31 – 50 years. In leprosy and cutaneous tuberculosis, males were affected more as compared to females. Conclusion: Leprosywas most common than other dermal granuloma. Most common type of leprosy and tuberculosis were lepromatous leprosy and lupus vulgaris respectively.

Clinico-Haematological Study of Dengue Cases.

Objectives: To study and establish clinical and haematological correlation in cases of dengue viral infection. Methodology: A total 169 serum samples were received from L.G. Hospital for the detection of Dengue IgM during the period of October 2013 to January 2014. They were tested for the same with ELISA method. The clinical -haematological case study was done and the data was analyzed retrospectively. Results: Total 169 serum samples were tested, out of which 44(26.03%) were positive for Dengue IgM antibodies. Out of the total serum samples, Male: Female ratio and Urban: Rural ratio was 1.6:1 and 2.8:1 respectively. Peak incidence of the disease is seen in October. Clinically fever was the commonest presentation in 39(88.6%) patients followed by headache and muscle pain i.e., 33(75%) and 16(36.3%) respectively; the least common was epistaxis in 4 (9.04%) patients. Retrobulbar pain was in 3(6.8%) rash was in 6 (13.6%) and hemorrhagic manifestations in 12 (27.2%) patients. Amongst total WBC count, the proportion of Lymphocyte was above 70% in 3(6.8%) cases, between 50-70% in 17(38.6%) cases, and between 35-49% in 16(36.3%) cases and below 35% was in 8(18.18%) cases. The platelet count less than 50,000 was observed in16(36.3%) cases, 50,000 to 1, 00000 in 15(34.09%) cases and greater than 1,00,000 was in 13(29.5%) cases.19(43.1%) patients had erythrocyte sedimentation rate less than 7mm/hr, While 15(34.09%) patients had8- 20mm/hrand 10(22.7%) had more than 20 mm/hr.

Hyperhomocysteinemia masquerading as pulmonary embolism.

We describe a 30-year-old male who presented with acute onset of breathlessness, tachycardia, and palpitations associated with distension of jugular vein and clear lungs on physical examination. The chest X-ray was normal and ECG was showing S1Q3T3 and right ventricular strain pattern. His 2-D echocardiography was showing dilated right atrium, right ventricular dilatation and moderate pulmonary arterial hypertension. He was found to have thrombosis involving left side of deep venous system with normal superficial venous system (Doppler proved). All routine blood investigations for etiology of recurrent DVT were normal except serum homocyteine level, which was significantly raised. Megaloblastic anemia on peripheral smear and hyperhomocysteinemia prompted us to search for its cause, which was subsequently found to be vitamin B12 deficiency. Such an association of megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency leading to hyperhomocysteinemia and subsequent thrombosis in left venous system presenting as acute pulmonary embolism has not been described earlier in the medical literature.