RESUMEN
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a progressive chronic disease with a rapidly increasing prevalence and is associated with significantly high frequency of long-term complications. Despite the scientific evidence and the high degree of consensus reached by experts, clinicians, and planners, achieving control targets remains a challenge
Aim/Objective: To assess the sex and age differences in the achievement of control targets in patients with type 2 diabetes
Methods: This was a cross sectional study among type2 diabetes patient at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Eligible subjects were identified from the KSU-MC database and data were abstracted in a specially designed case report form
Results: There were 418 [66.9%] patients who had uncontrolled DM. There was a significant association between glycaemic control and diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy.Triglyceride and FBG levels were significantly higher in the uncontrolled DM group while HDL level was significantly lower. Females showed a significantly higher prevalence of orthostatic hypotension, gastroparesis, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. Additionally, they had significantly higher levels of LDL, HDL and cholesterol compared to males. The prevalence of gastroparesis and diabetic neuropathy were significantly higher among patients who are > 57 years old. Moreover, HDL level was significantly higher among the > 57 years old group, while the levels of LDL, cholesterol, triglycerides and FBG were significantly higher in the
Conclusion: There is a significant association between glycemic control and diabetes related complications. In addition, female gender tends to have diabetes complications and dyslipidemia compared to male gender. Moreover, dyslipidemia and abnormal fasting blood glucose were common among middle age patient
RESUMEN
Objective: To identify frequency, causes and outcomes of hospitalisations among adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]
Methods: A record-based retrospective study was conducted at Aseer Central Hospital for a period of four and half years from January 2012 to June 2016. The study includes adult SLE patients who were diagnosed according to the 1997 SLE criteria
Results: A total of 155 patients [8 males and 147 females] with 251 hospital admissions were included. The average admission rate for all cases was about 2.0 +/- 1.0 times. The most commonly recorded causes of admissions were SLE nephritis flare [33.9%], and infections [16.3%]. Mortality rate for SLE patients is almost 7.7% and the recorded main causes of death were pulmonary hemorrhage [33.3%], sepsis [25%], bilateral massive pulmonary oedema and pneumonia [8.3% for each]
Conclusion: Almost half of adult SLE patients are frequently hospitalized. Female patients and those with associated chronic co-morbidity have more frequent admissions. Consequences of SLE remain the most frequently recorded causes for hospital admission. Pulmonary complications are the main cause for death. Therefore, prompt and aggressive management of pulmonary consequences could markedly reduce disease mortality. Adopting preventive measures such as using prophylactic antibiotics and pneumococcal vaccination, early in the disease course, should be accentuated