Expression of cyclin D1 in hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrial lesions

Objective: To observe and evaluate the expression of Cyclin D1 in hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrial lesions

Methodology: This .retrospective analytical study was conducted at BMSI, JPMC over a five year period i.e. from 1-1-2008 to 31-1-2012 and was based on the analysis of endometrial samples comprising of hysterectomies and curettage. 55 endometrial samples including 25 malignant endometrial lesions, 6 complex hyperplasia with atypia, 14 complex hyperplasia without atypia, 6 simple hyperplasia without atypia, and 4 normal proliferative endometrium were analyzed for results of immunohistochemical staining

Results: 44% [11 out of 25] cases of malignant endometrial lesions showed Cyclin D1 over expression. 66.66% [4 out of 6] cases of endometrial hyperplasia with atypia and 50% [7 out of 14] cases of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia showed Cyclin D1 overexpression

Conclusion: Cyclin D1 overexpression was seen in a significant number of well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinomas and complex hyperplasia with atypia suggesting it to be an early event in endometrial carcinogenesis

Immunoexpression of cyclin D1 and PTEN in various endometrial pathologies

Objective: to determine the expression of cyclin D1 and PTEN [phosphatase and tensin homolog] in endometrial hyperplasias and neoplasias

Study Design: Analytical study

Place and Duration of Study: the study was conducted at BMSI, JPMC, Karachi, from January 2008 to December 2012

Methodology: analysis of endometrial samples, comprising of hysterectomies and curettage, was carried out. Immunohistochemical staining was done for PTEN and cyclin D1 expression

Results: fifty-three endometrial samples including 23 endometrial carcinomas, 6 complex hyperplasias with atypia, 14 complex hyperplasias without atypia, 6 simple hyperplasias without atypia and 4 normal proliferative endometrium were analyzed. Fifty-two percent [12 out of 23] and 48% [11 out of 23] cases of endometrial carcinomas showed complete loss of PTEN expression and cyclin D1 over expression, respectively. Five [5 out of 6] cases of complex hyperplasias with atypia and 64.28% [9 out of 14] cases of complex hyperplasia without atypia showed complete loss of or diminished expression of PTEN whereas 66.66% [4 out of 6] cases of endometrial hyperplasia with atypia and 50% [7 out of 14] cases of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia showed cyclin D1 overexpression [p < 0.001]

Conclusion: loss of PTEN, expression and cyclin D1 overexpression was seen in a significant number of well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinomas and complex hyperplasias with atypia, suggesting both as an early event in endometrial carcinogenesis

Differential expression of p63 in hydropic and molar gestations

To observe the differential expression of p63 in hydropic and molar gestation. Cross-sectional analytical study. Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate and Medical Centre, Karachi, from January 2006 to June 2013. Ninety placental biopsies including 30 cases each of hydropic abortions, partial hydatidiform mole and complete hydatidiform mole were analyzed for morphological features and results of immunohistochemical staining. Results were described as frequency. Significance was determined using test of proportions with significance at p < 0.05. Out of 30 cases of hydropic abortion, 6 were negative, 15 were weak, 4 were moderate and 5 showed strong degree of intensity for p63. Out of 30 cases of partial hydatidiform mole, 3 were negative, 2 showed weak, 4 showed moderate and 21 cases showed strong degree of intensity for p63. All 30 cases of complete hydatidiform mole strongly stained for p63. The intensity of staining of p63 was stronger in cases of molar pregnancy as compared to hydropic abortion. There was loss of p63 expression in cytotrophoblastic cells in all abortions. In limited resources settings, where facilities for PCR/FISH and DNA ploidy analysis is not available, the authors advocate p63 in routine clinical practice to provide the most refined diagnosis of hydatidiform moles

Role of diagnostic laparoscopy: a study of 58 patients

To evaluate the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in undiagnosed abdominal diseases. Prospective nonrandomized descriptive study. Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi, from l[st] January 2007 till 31[st] December, 2009. All the patients of undiagnosed intermittent or chronic pain abdomen and other pathologies presenting to the department of surgery who were candidates for laparoscopy were included in the study. Total of 58 patients [42 females and 16 males] were included in the study. Appendicular pathology, abdominal tuberculosis and pelvic inflammatory disease each was found in 8 patients [13.79%] and adhesions in 6 patients [10.33%]. Other less common pathologies included undescended intraabdominal testes, endometriosis, gall bladder pathology and mesenteric lymphadenopathy. In 14 patients [24.13%] no pathology was detected. Diagnostic laparoscopy is an important diagnostic tool in the armamentarium of surgeons which can be employed for diagnosis of obscure abdominal conditions. Where appropriate therapeutic measures if indicated can be adopted at the same time