RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Leishmania infantum is an etiologic agent of visceral leishmaniasis. This disease is a neglected disease that can be fatal if not treated and additionally, the few therapeutic option present several drawbacks, including difficult route of administration and toxicity, which turn the search for new therapeutic alternatives necessary. Herein, we evaluated the leishmanicidal in vitro activity of the solanum extract from Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil., Solanaceae, and the isolated alkaloids solasodine, solamargine and solasonine against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. infantum. Solasodine (IC50-pro = 4.7 µg/ml; IC50-ama = 10.8 µg/ml) and solamargine (IC50-pro = 8.1 µg/ml; IC50-ama = 3.0 µg/ml) exhibited interesting leishmanicidal ativity. Solasonine was approximately four-times (Selective Index 3.7) more selective to the parasite than to the host cells. This data suggest that solasonine might be considered as a potential drug candidate for leishmaniasis treatment.
RESUMEN
The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from dry leaves of Capsicodendron dinisii (Schwancke) was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass (GC/MS) spectrometry. According to GC and GC/MS analysis, the essential oil is mostly composed of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (69.7 percent) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (22.6 percent). Bicyclogermacrene (30.8 percent), E-caryophyllene (17.2 percent), spathulenol (13.5 percent) and germacrene D (7.6 percent) were the principal components identified in the essential oil.
El aceite esencial obtenido por hidrodestilación de hojas secas de Capsicodendron dinisii (Schwancke) se analizó mediante cromatografía de gases y cromatografía de gases/espectrometría de masas. De acuerdo con los análisis, el aceite esencial contiene un 69,7 por ciento de sesquiterpenos hidrocarbonados y 22,6 por ciento de sesquiterpenos oxigenados. Bicyclogermacreno (30.8 por ciento), E-cariofileno (17.2 por ciento), espathulenol (13.5 por ciento) and germacreno D (7.6 por ciento) fueron los componentes principales identificados en el aceite esencial.