Urodynamic changes in the lower urinary tract in patients using oral contraceptive pills

The study comprised 30 normal, healthy females in the childrearing period using high dose oral contraceptive pills [OC[s]]. As well as 15 females who were not no the pills, as control. The effect of high dose oral contraceptive pills on uroflowmetry, urethral pressure profile [UPP] and cystometry was studied. Factors affecting urodynamic parameters as age parity, height, weight and phase of the menstrual cycle were matched. Of uroflowinetric study showed no difference between pill users and control group as regards maxmum flow rate, average flow or flow time. Of [UPP] were more impressive, a statistically significant difference was found between pill user are controls as regards both maximum urethral pressure and urethral closure pressure. Both measurements were higher in pill users. No significant effect of urethral length was found in this study. Cystometric studies in control and pill user groups demonstrated an increase in bladder capacity and a decrease in bladder tone. In addition the high doe oral contraceptives may actually increase urethral resistance

Analysis of 500 cases of missing IUD threads

Five hundred consecutive contraceptors whose IUD threads were neither visible nor palpable at the time of examination were included in this study.Three hundred and seventy women had their IUD in utero [20 were pregnant] and 30 had unnoticed expulsions. One hundred devices were in the peritoneal cavity. Since the IUD was in the uterine cavity in the majority of these cases, most contraceptors whose IUD threads disappear could be managed in the outpatient clinic with relatively simple techniques to locate and remove the device