RESUMEN
Several biological processes are involved in the oxidative stress present in diabetes mellitus; among them we can find glucose autooxidation, proteins glycation and decreased antioxidant defenses. Free radicals yielded at mitochondrial level could be a trigger to unchain the vicious circle of the oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Aims: to determine antioxidant systems alterations and indicators of oxidative damage on lipids and proteins in patients with type II Diabetes and a control group. Materials and Methods: It was analyzed 120 serum samples; 60 from patients that suffer type II diabetic from endocrinology surgery belonging Casa de atención al paciente diabéticoin Santa Clara, Villa Clara and 60 samples from healthy individuals used as control group. Spectrofotometric techniques were used to assess levels of Superoxide dismutase and Catalase activity as well as concentrations of reduced glutathione, malonildialdehide and advanced products of proteins Oxidation. Results were compared using the statistical software SPSS. Results: Diabetes type 2 patients showed decreased of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase enzymatic activity (p = 0,003) and (p = 0,013) respectively as well as and reduced Glutathione levels (p = 0,038). Malondialdehide and Advanced Products of Proteins Oxidation were increased (p = 0,000) in diabetics patients compared with control group. Conclusions: it was found redox alterations in patients that suffer type 2 Diabetes. These alterations are evidenced by a reduced antioxidant enzymatic system and damage on macromolecules such as lipids and proteins...