RESUMEN
PURPOSE: A waterborne outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred in the old city of Hyderabad from March through August 2005. An attempt was made to study the outbreak clinically, serologically, and etiologically. METHODS: Five hundred and forty-six clinically and biochemically documented cases were screened for the hepatotropic viral markers, hepatitis A, B, C, and E by the ELISA method. Their demographic characteristics and outcomes were analyzed. Point source contamination of the water supply with sewerage was identified. RESULT: Our data confirms hepatitis E as the major cause of the outbreak (78.57%). Occasionally, mixed infection of HEV-HAV (5.31%) or HEV-HBV (0.91%) was detected in the present series of acute viral hepatitis. CONCLUSIONS: HEV was confirmed as the major etiological agent in this outbreak that was transmitted by contaminated drinking water. The study highlights the importance of screening for both enterically transmitted hepatotropic viral markers as well as the parenterally transmitted hepatotropic viral markers during outbreaks of acute viral hepatitis.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Brotes de Enfermedades , Femenino , Hepatitis E/epidemiología , Virus de la Hepatitis E/inmunología , Humanos , India/epidemiología , Masculino , Pruebas SerológicasRESUMEN
Central nervous system (CNS) shunt infection is a cause of significant morbidity, causing shunt malfunction and chronic ill health. This study was carried out to evaluate the infection rate associated with CNS shunts, assess the frequency of the pathogens as well as their antibiotic sensitivity pattern aiming at suitable prophylaxis. A retrospective analysis of 226 CSF cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt procedures sent for bacteriological work up over a period of one year and six months was undertaken. Laboratory diagnosis was established by subjecting the CSF to cell count, biochemical tests, bacteriological culture and antibiotic susceptibility test. Nine out of 226(3.98%) of the CSF samples were culture positive. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the most common isolate accounting for 36.36%. Majority of the isolates were sensitive to the thirdgeneration cephalosporins and quinolones. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern suggests cephalosporins and quinolones to be a better choice of antibiotics either prophylactically or therapeutically, which may result in effective and rapid sterilisation of the CSF.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/microbiología , Coagulasa/metabolismo , Medios de Cultivo , Femenino , Bacterias Gramnegativas/clasificación , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Staphylococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Derivación Ventriculoperitoneal/efectos adversosRESUMEN
An unusual presentation of brucellosis is being reported in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, who sought medical advice for fever of long duration accompanied with myalgia and headache.