RESUMEN
La búsqueda de fuentes naturales para controlar los microorganismos es de interés en la producción de alimentos. Este estudio evaluó la composición química y la actividad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial de las hojas de Psidium cattleianum. El aceite esencial se extrajo por hidrodestilación y se identificó por GC-MS. La clase predominante de compuestos fueron los sesquiterpenos (47,6%) y los principales fueron trans-ß-cariofileno (14,7%), 1,8-cineol (11,7%) y É£-muuroleno (5,6%). Actividad antimicrobiana se realizó mediante la técnica de microdilución contra ocho hongos y ocho bacterias. Concentración inhibitoria mínima varió de 0,17 a 11,25 mg mL-1 para hongos y de 1,40 a 16,87 mg mL-1 para bacterias. Principales actividades fueron contra hongos Aspergillus fumigatus (ATCC 1022), Aspergillus ochraceus (ATCC 12066), Aspergillus versicolor (ATCC 11730) y Trichoderma viride (IAM 5061), y bacterias Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Bacillus cereus (clinical isolate) y Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) con potencial para prevenir enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos.
The search for natural sources to control microorganisms is of interest in food production. This study evaluated the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Psidium cattleianum leaves. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, and identified by GC-MS. The predominant class of compounds was sesquiterpenes (47.6%) and the major compounds were trans-ß-caryophyllene (14.7%), 1,8-cineole (11.7%) and É£-muurolene (5.6%). The antimicrobial activity was carried out by microdillution technique against eight fungi and eight bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 0.17 to 11.25 mg mL-1 for fungi, and from 1.40 to 16.87 mg mL-1 for bacteria. The highest activities were against fungi Aspergillus fumigatus (ATCC 1022), Aspergillus ochraceus (ATCC 12066), Aspergillus versicolor (ATCC 11730), and Trichoderma viride (IAM 5061), and bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Bacillus cereus (clinical isolate), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) with potential to prevent foodborne diseases.
Asunto(s)
Psidium/química , Antiinfecciosos , Aspergillus , Aspergillus fumigatus , Trichoderma , Aspergillus ochraceus , Extractos VegetalesRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: The experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of broilers in 1-7 and 8-21 days of age, using metabolizable energy values of corn, soybean meal and soybean oil previously determined for each phase in another metabolism trial. Two trails were conducted, divided into phases according to ages: pre-starter (1-7 days) and starter (8-21 days). At each trial were used 924 broiler chicken randomly distributed into 42 experimental units in a completely randomized design with six treatments and seven replications. Treatments consisted of five diets using the values of apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance of corn, soybean meal and soybean oil determined in different metabolism trials, and one diet with the metabolizable energy values of these same ingredients, published on the literature. At the end of each stage, the animals and feed leftover were weighted to determine feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Diets with higher soybean oil inclusion, showed superior performance at different stages. At pre-starter only feed conversion ratio was significant (P<0.05). In the initial phase, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) for feed conversion ratio, daily and average weight gain.
RESUMO: O experimento foi realizado para avaliar o desempenho de frangos de corte nas idades de 1-7 e 8-21 dias de idade, utilizando valores de energia metabolizável do milho, farelo de soja e óleo de soja determinados anteriormente em outro ensaio de metabolismo. Dois estudos foram realizados, divididos em fases de acordo com as idades: pré-inicial (1-7 dias) e inicial (8-21 dias). Em cada estudo, foram utilizados 924 pintos de corte distribuídos aleatoriamente em 42 unidades experimentais, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado consistindo de cinco dietas utilizando os valores de energia metabolizável aparente corrigida para o balanço de nitrogênio do milho, farelo de soja, e óleo de soja, determinados nos ensaios de metabolismo, e uma dieta com os valores de energia metabolizável dos mesmos alimentos publicados na literatura. No final de cada fase, os animais e as sobras de ração foram pesadas para determinar o consumo de alimento, ganho de peso e conversão alimentar. As dietas com maiores inclusões de óleo de soja mostraram desempenho superior nas diferentes idades. Na fase pré-inicial, apenas a conversão alimentar foi significativa. Na fase inicial, houve diferença significativa para a conversão alimentar e ganho de peso médio e diário.