Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli in hospital acquired and community acquired patients related to urinary tract infection in India.

There is a dearth of information regarding to prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of E. coli, a most common cause of nosocomial infections, in community and hospital acquired urinary tract infections. The antibiotic resistant pattern against E. coli varies when isolated from different sources. This study was carried out with an objective to isolate E. coli from male and female patients infected with hospital and community acquired UTI. The isolates were subjected to five different antibiotic categories comprising 18 antibiotics. On the basis of antibiotic resistance profiling MAR index was calculated. Prevalence of UTI was found 69.17% which was high in hospital (56.63%) than community settings (43.37%). Females were found more susceptible to UTI than males in both settings. Prevalence of E. coli was found 61.45% among all isolates. Carbepenems showed highest sensitivity against E. coli isolated from UTI patients. The highest MAR indices were 0.8 (3.57%) and 0.7 (8.69%) of E. coli isolated in hospital and community settings. The present study suggests that females are highly susceptible to UTI in both community and hospital settings as well as the occurrence of E. coli were also found high in female patients. E. coli showed resistance against commonly prescribed antibiotics.

Beneficial effects of Allium sativum, Allium cepa and Commiphora mukul on experimental hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis--a comparative evaluation.

Oral administration of petroleum ether extract of Allium sativum, Allium cepa and ethylacetate extract of Commiphora mukul in albino rats significantly prevented rise in serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride level, caused by atherogenic diet. All the three agents were also found to confer significant protection against atherogenic diet induced atherosclerosis.

Modification of glybenclamide hypoglycaemia by verapamil in rabbits.

The study was designed to demonstrate the interaction between verapamil and glybenclamide on blood glucose in rabbits. Glybenclamide (0.05 mg/kg, po) induced hypoglycaemia was observed 1 h after treatment and persisted till 3 h. Verapamil (8 mg/kg, sc) per se produced hyperglycaemia which lasted for 2 1/2 hr. Concurrent administration of verapamil was found to impair significantly the hypoglycaemic response of glybenclamide.

Hyperglycaemic effect of verapamil--an experimental study.

Verapamil in doses of 2, 4, 8 mg/kg produces hyperglycaemia of 1 to 2 hr duration and impairs glucose tolerance in rabbits. The probable mechanism of this hyperglycaemic response is discussed.