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Aim of Study: One of the new methods that have promising results is the use of cell-derived microvesicles (MVs) to kill tumor cells. Given that MVs contain apoptotic materials, genes, and proteins, they can interfere with the fate of adjacent cells. Materials and Methods: In the present study, after adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) isolation and characterization, MVs were derived from AT-MSCs and then characterized morphologically by standard error of the mean and size determination by DLS, and after that, the influence of MVs on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium assay and apoptosis-related gene expression. The raw data were analyzed in SPSS.17 software. Results: The results indicated that MVs have a size range of 500–1500 nm, and the viability of MCF-7 was significantly decreased when treated by different concentrations of MVs and it was confirmed when apoptosis-related genes' expression level was measured by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction whereas demonstrated that apoptosis genes including Bax, P53, P21, and EP300 (2− ΔΔ CT) and ΔCT values were expressed significantly in MCF-7 treated by MVs higher than those nontreated, and decrease of Bcl-2 expression level in MVs-treated MCF-7 was also significant as an antiapoptosis-related gene. Conclusions: Taking together, AT-MSC-derived MVs demonstrated anticancer or antitumoral properties on MCF-7 cells, and it could also be effective for other types of cancer cells
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Abstract This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the cellulase activity of cellulolytic bacteria in hot springs of Dehloran, Ilam province, Iran. Water and sludge samples were collected from the hot springs and the bacterial enrichment was performed in a medium containing rice barn and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The cultures were incubated at 50 °C in aerobic conditions. The bacteria were isolated on CMC agar (1%) medium. Cellulase assay of the isolates was measured by the evaluation of endoglucanase enzyme activity, which is also called as carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase). The isolated thermotolerant bacteria were then identified and optimized for the production of CMCase. Moreover, stabilizing elements of the enzyme were identified with in silico approach. The chosen isolate was identified as Isoptericola variabilis sp. IDAH9. The identified strain produced the most thermostable CMCase at a concentration of 5.6 g/L of ammonium sulfate, 9 g/L CMCase or 12 g/L rice bran, 0/6% Tween-80, and 0.2% sucrose. The produced enzyme showed 80% of the residual activity after 1 h of incubation at 65 °C. In silico data indicated that the remaining residual activity was due to the redundant stabilizing elements in the protein structure. Consequently, I. variabilis can be isolated from the extreme environment and has a thermostable endoglucanase which may be used for various applications after studying them.