Successful Treatment with Methotrexate and Azathioprine of Panniculitis in a Patient with Dermatomyositis: Case Report and Review of the Literature / 대한내과학회지

Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disease wherein autoantibodies and immune complexes cause non-suppurative inflammation in skin and muscle. Although the skin lesions of this disease are well known, the clinical and pathological features of subcutaneous fat lesions remain uncharacterized. Since Weber (1924) reported the development of panniculitis in a patient with dermatomyositis, 23 subsequent cases have been reported. Here, we present the case of a woman who had been diagnosed with dermatomyositis 7 years previously, and presented with diffuse, painful, indurated nodules on her face and upper limbs. A skin biopsy allowed us to diagnose these nodules as panniculitis. The patient was initially treated with high doses of prednisolone and methotrexate. She responded inadequately to these medications, so azathioprine was added to the regimen. The skin lesions subsequently improved and the patient has remained disease-free for 1 year. Here, we present the clinical profile of this patient and review the relevant literature.

A Case of Paraneoplastic Syndrome Associated with Pancreatic Cancer Presenting as Rheumatoid Arthritis

Paraneoplastic cancer polyarthritis is a very rare manifestation of musculoskeletal disorders associated with several solid and hematologic malignancies. We describe a 71-year-old woman who presented initially with an abrupt onset of rheumatoid arthritis-like symmetrical polyarthritis. The patient was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer with multiple hepatic metastases approximately six months later. Her symptoms of polyarthritis improved after the introduction of medication including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. This case suggests that a hidden malignancy should always be considered in elderly patients, who present with an abrupt onset of symmetric polyarthritis for the first time in their life.

A Case of Rheumatoid Arthritis Associated with Turner's Syndrome / 대한류마티스학회지

Turner's syndrome (TS) is characterized by short stature and gonadal dysgenesis. It is often associated with systemic manifestations, such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal disorders. Although very rare, it is possible for TS to accompany autoimmune disease, including thyroid disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, diabetes mellitus, psoriatic arthritis, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A 39-year-old woman was referred for symmetric polyarthritis of her hands and feet. She had been diagnosed with Turner's syndrome with 46,XO,-X,+fragment before the age of 22 years and had developed autoimmune hypothyroidism treated with thyroid hormone replacement. At the time of first visit, she had polyarthralgia with morning stiffness for more than 3 months. The musculoskeletal examination revealed symmetrical polyarthritis affecting the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and metatarsophalangeal joints, fulfilling the ACR 1987 revised criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we present an unusual case of RA associated with TS. It is important to pay meticulous attention to patients with TS so that inflammatory arthritis is not neglected and the diagnosis is not delayed.

A Case of Brucellar Spondylitis Complicated by Acupuncture / 대한류마티스학회지

Brucellosis is an endemic zoonotic disease, particularly in the Middle East and Mediterranean regions, and can involve many organs and tissues. Recently, the incidence of human brucellosis has increased rapidly in Korea. Brucellosis may often appear as other infections and asymptomatic conditions because of its range of clinical manifestations. Therefore, its diagnosis is frequently missed or delayed. Early diagnosis of brucellar spondylitis is important for reducing the number and intensity of complications. Therefore, it should be included in a differential diagnosis of back pain with an unknown origin. Brucellosis is normally transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected animals or by the ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products. We report an unusual case of brucellar spondylitis complicated by acupuncture.

All-trans Retinoic Acid-induced Nephrotic-range Proteinuria in a Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a potent differentiating agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Although ATRA is generally well-tolerated, some patients develop side effects, the most severe of which is ATRA syndrome. We report on a patient with APL who developed isolated nephrotic-range proteinuria during ATRA therapy for remission-induction. ATRA was discontinued and the proteinuria decreased significantly 5 days after dexamethasone treatment. The occurrence of isolated proteinuria during ATRA treatment is a rare adverse event.

A case of gastric hepatoid adenocarcinoma misdiagnosed as an extragonadal germ cell tumor / 대한내과학회지

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma is a rare variant of adenocarcinoma that can occur in the stomach. This neoplasm has a poor prognosis and it frequently presents at an advanced stage of disease; it is clinically characterized by increased serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in most cases. We experienced a case of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach with multiple liver metastases that mimicked germ cell tumor in a 43-year-old man. He had incidentally detected gastric adenocarcinoma via gastrofibroscopy and he underwent subtotal gastrectomy. The postoperative pathologic stage was II (T2N1M0). He complained of epigastric pain. The serum AFP was markedly increased (227,325 IU/mL) and abdominal CT revealed multiple liver masses. We considered these as extragonadal germ cell tumors that occurred in the liver because of the markedly elevated AFP, the short duration of follow-up and early stage of stomach cancer at the that time. To confirm the diagnosis, biopsy of liver mass was done and he was diagnosed with hepatoid adenocarcinoma.