RESUMEN
Abstract Multidrug-resistant microorganisms are of great concern to public health. Genetic mobile elements, such as plasmids, are among the most relevant mechanisms by which bacteria achieve this resistance. We obtained an Escherichia coli strain CM6, isolated from cattle presenting severe diarrheic symptoms in the State of Querétaro, Mexico. It was found to contain a 70 kb plasmid (pMEX01) with a high similarity to the pHK01-like plasmids that were previously identified and described in Hong Kong. Analysis of the pMEX01 sequence revealed the presence of a blaCTX-M-14 gene, which is responsible for conferring resistance to multiple β-lactam antibiotics. Several genes putatively involved in the conjugative transfer were also identified on the plasmid. The strain CM6 is of high epidemiological concern because it not only displays resistance to multiple β-lactam antibiotics but also to other kinds of antibiotics.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Plásmidos/genética , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , beta-Lactamas/farmacología , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/veterinaria , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Plásmidos/metabolismo , beta-Lactamasas/genética , beta-Lactamasas/metabolismo , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , MéxicoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of using the Personal Assistance Services classification system (PAS-CS) that examines individuals with disabilities for services and government funding. To this end, this study also tests for significant differences in PAS-CS scores across disability grades and disability types. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the 2014 National Survey on People with Disabilities (NSPD) data set. We selected patients with three types of disabilities (physical disabilities, brain lesions, and visual impairments). We compared the average PAS-CS scores of patients with different disability types and grades using general linear models with multiple comparisons. RESULTS: A total of 4,810 patients were included in the analysis. Patients with brain lesions had the highest average PAS-CS scores in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) domains. Patients with visual impairments had the highest average scores in ‘Disease-specific disability’ and ‘Social-environment’ domains. For patients with physical disabilities and visual impairments, no PAS-CS domains were significantly different between patients with disability grade III and those with disability grade IV (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The PAS-CS scores of disability grades were not equivalent among individuals with different disability types. The Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare currently only considers certain disability grades for PAS preeligibility, as a result disregarding the characteristics of different disability types. Thus, the current PAS-CS requires modifications.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Actividades Cotidianas , Encéfalo , Clasificación , Conjunto de Datos , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Personas con Discapacidad , Administración Financiera , Modelos Lineales , Asistencia Pública , República de Corea , Estudios Retrospectivos , Bienestar Social , Trastornos de la VisiónRESUMEN
Whole body vibration [WBV] is a contemporary treatment modality that holds promise as an exercise training method in health-compromised individuals. A growing number of studies on individuals with Parkinson Disease are examining whether WBV improves balance and functional mobility. However, interpreting WBV studies is challenging since there is variability in the manner in which WBV intervention is conducted. The primary goal of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of WBV on improving mobility and balance as measured by a battery of clinical tests, in patients with Parkinson disease. Studies based on WBV parameters were characterized and a systematic search of peer-reviewed literature in five major databases was conducted. Randomized-controlled trials investigating the effects of WBV in patients with a Parkinson diagnosis and no cognitive impairment were included. A total of six publications met the inclusion criteria. Overall, studies demonstrated mixed results in favor of WBV for improving balance or mobility. The majority of studies seem to suggest a favorable benefit following WBV for mobility and balance, but not when compared to other active intervention or placebo. There was variability in the manner in which WBV intervention was applied. Variations among the six studies included: duration of intervention and rest, follow-up period, type of control groups, frequency of vibration, number of treatment sessions and sex distribution of subjects. Future research is needed to investigate the effects of different types of equipment and treatment dosage in individuals with Parkinson disease