RESUMEN
John Cunningham virus infection is an important cause of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) in the context of advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Limited data are available regarding the true incidence of PML as a presenting manifestation of HIV. We report one such case and also highlight the effective use of polymerase chain reaction in confirming its diagnosis.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/patología , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Virus JC/genética , Virus JC/aislamiento & purificación , Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva/diagnóstico , Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Microscopía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Virología/métodosRESUMEN
Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug, acts selectively through omega 1 receptors of GABAA. It is thought to be safer than benzodiazepines but we report a case of zolpidem drug abuse, dependence and withdrawal seizure.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Humanos , Hipnóticos y Sedantes/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Trastorno de Pánico/tratamiento farmacológico , Piridinas/administración & dosificación , Factores de Riesgo , Convulsiones/inducido químicamente , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias/etiología , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/etiologíaRESUMEN
Megalencephalic leukocncephalopathy is rare disorder seen in India in patient belonging to Agarwal community. Many of the patients may have a mild clinical course with gradual worsening of neurological disability. A case is being reported who was followed for 17 years and paradoxically showed radiological and clinical improvement.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Quistes del Sistema Nervioso Central/complicaciones , Electroencefalografía , Estudios de Seguimiento , Marcha/fisiología , Enfermedades Desmielinizantes del Sistema Nervioso Central Hereditarias/diagnóstico , Humanos , India , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
Brainstem death and brain death although practically same with regards to the concept of organ donation, remain technically different. Brain death mandates irreversible cessation of all the functions of the entire brain and brainstem while brainstem death signifies irreversible damage to the brainstem. As per the Indian law, brainstem death is the legal requirement and not brain death.
Asunto(s)
Muerte Encefálica/diagnóstico , Tronco Encefálico , Humanos , India , Trasplante de Órganos/legislación & jurisprudenciaAsunto(s)
Adulto , Endocarditis Bacteriana/microbiología , Facies , Humanos , Lentigo , Masculino , Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Accidente Cerebrovascular , SíndromeRESUMEN
Antiphospholipid syndrome is an uncommon cause of stroke. A 12 year old girl with this syndrome is reported who presented with thrombotic stroke and high titres of anticardiolipin (aCL) and lupus anticoagulant (LAC). The patient improved subsequently and was put on aspirin. The present report highlights the importance of screening for aCL and LAC in cases of stroke in young patients.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Anticardiolipina/sangre , Síndrome Antifosfolípido/sangre , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Embolia Intracraneal/sangre , Inhibidor de Coagulación del Lupus/sangre , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Tálamo/patología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XAsunto(s)
Adulto , Preescolar , Femenino , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/tratamiento farmacológico , Hepatitis B/prevención & control , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Masculino , Examen Neurológico , Pronóstico , Esteroides/administración & dosificación , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Forty cases of diaphyseal fracture of humerus were treated by functional cast bracing (FCB). Results were compared with a series of 25 patients treated by U cast method. Average time taken for union was 7.5 weeks with a range of 5-14 weeks by FCB method. Fractures treated by U cast method took on an average 10 weeks to unite. Stiffness at shoulder and elbow was uniformly found in patients treated by U cast. More than 50% patients had varus angulation less than 5 degrees after treatment by FCB. Only 16% had varus angulation less than 5 degrees by U cast method while 32% had varus angulation more than 15 degrees. FCB is distinctly superior method of treatment for diaphyseal fracture of humerus.