A Case of Infective Endocarditis in which Cerebral Infarction and Hemorrhage developed together

Risk factors for infective endocarditis include injection drug abusers and patients with structural heart defects undergoing dental procedures. Infective endocarditis is clinically important because it is hard to diagnose it in its early stage owing to its various clinical manifestations, and because its morbidity and mortality increase when neurologic complications occur. This is a case of infective endocarditis in the course of treatment of which complicating cerebral hemorrhage and infarction progressed rapidly and prompted death.

A Case of an Aortic Arch Aneurysm in which a Fistula Formed Between the Pulmonary Parenchyma

Massive hemoptysis represents a major medical emergency that is associated with high mortality. The causes of hemoptysis are various and include pulmonary and cardiovascular disorders and trauma. The causes of pulmonary disorder are tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, abscess, malignancy, bronchitis, and fungal infection. The causes of cardiovascular disorder are mitral stenosis, pulmonary embolism, and congestive heart failure. A fistula between an aortic aneurysm and the pulmonary parenchyma is one of the causes of hemoptysis, but it is a rare. However, if undiagnosed, it is a uniformly fatal cause of massive hemoptysis. This is a case of bleeding from a fistula between an aortic arch aneurysm and a lung parenchyma in a patient with an aortic arch aneurysm who presented with massive hemoptysis. He had suffered intermittent hemoptysis since he was diagnosed with an aortic arch aneurysm three years before. A high clinical suspicion must be maintained when a history of intermittent hemoptysis is obtained in patients with an aortic aneurysm or prior aortic graft surgery.