[Prevalence of Mandibulur Retromolar Canal on Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans]

Background. and Aim: The retromolar canal is an anatomical structure of the mandible and a type of bifid inferior alveolar canal. The retromolar canal might conduct accessory innervation to the mandibular molars or contain an aberrant buccal nerve; thus, this canal is of clinical significance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevaleirce of retromolar canal on cone-beam computed tomography [CBCT] scans.

Materiols and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 151 retromolar canalsin 102 patients [102 unilateral and 49 bilateral] with third molar teethrequiring CBCT were evaluated. The scans were evaluated for presence of the retromolar canal and linear measurements [distance to second molar, height and width] were made. The data were analyzedby independent t-test and chi square test.

Resultsz The prevalence of retromolar canal was 7 .3% [n=11].With regard to linear measurements, the mean distance from the retromolar canal to the second molar was 12.76 +/- 4.3mm. The mean height of the canal was 6.66 +/- 2.18mm, and the'mean width was 1.7 +/- 0.6mm. The presence of retromolar canal was not statistically correlated withsex, side of the jaw or age [P:0.146].

Conclusion: The prevalence of retromolar canal on CBCT scans was 7.3%.

Evaluation of Isfahan's dental students' awareness about preventive dentistry

Statement of Problem: The modern dentistry approach is moving toward preventive dentistry, an approach that has decreased the prevalence of caries within the past decades. Since some reports imply that dentists are not knowledgeable enough in this issue

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the attitude and awareness of future dental graduates toward preventive dentistry regarding gender and educational characteristics

Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on one hundred and forty questionnaires which were distributed among dental students of Isfahan province, Azad university of Khorasgan, Iran. Data regarding the level of awareness of dental students about preventive dentistry were recorded and were analyzed by using the mean and standard deviations on scores as appropriated

Results: Majority of dental students were aware about the role of sugar in caries process, while only a minority were aware about the role of fluoridated toothpaste and brushing method in caries prevention. Most of the students [82.1%] were among the group with medium level of awareness. Compared with their female counterparts, male students had more knowledge about fluoride efficacy and general hygiene role in caries process

Conclusion: Dental students of Isfahan State University and Azad University of Khorasgan had acceptable level of awareness about the role of sugar and fluoridated water on caries process but were not aware enough about the role of fluoridated toothpaste in preventing dental caries

[Effect of eight weeks aerobic trainingon serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in women]

Cardiovascular diseases are the most significant factors leading to death. This study was done to determine the effect of eight weeks aerobic training on level serum lipid and lipoprotein in non athletic women. This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 30 non athletic women. Subjects were devided into control and experimental groups through gained Vo[2]max. HDL-c, total cholesterol [TC], LDL-c, VLDL-c, RF [TC/HCL] and subdermal fat percent were evaluted perior and after training for eight weeks as follow: three session in each weeks with one hour aerobic training in each session. Data analyzed using SPSS-14 and independent and dependent T student tests. The significant reduction of RF, TC and percent of subdermal fat were observed in experimental group after training in comparison with prieor phase [P<0.05]. Significant reduction of RF, LDL-C, TC and subdermal fat were observed in experimental group in comparison with contols after training [P<0.05]. The increase of HDL-c and reduction of TG and VLDL-c were observed in experimental group compared to control but these differences were not significant. This study showed that aerobic training reduce total cholesterol, LDL-c, RF and percent of subdermal fat in non athletic women

Intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma presented as chronic subdural hematoma: a case report

Intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma is a very rare disorder. Subdural rhabdomyosarcoma has not been reported yet. It can be misdiagnosed with chronic subdural hematoma in CT images. Herein, we presented a 2.5-year-old boy with intractable chronic subdural hematoma who were treated with burr hole insertion, needle aspiration and shunting for about 2 years with partial resolution of his symptoms after each procedure. The final pathologic evaluation after extensive bilateral craniotomy revealed rhabdomyosarcoma. The role of CT and MRI in early diagnosis and management of this rare situation is discussed

[Evaluation of mental health in athletic and nonathletic students]

Although there are many studies on the relationship between mental health and exercise, it is not clear how exercise improves the mental health of students regularly engaged in non professinal athletic activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the level of mental health in athletic and nonathletic students of Mazandaran Medical University using Scl-90-R questionnaire [Symptom check list-90-Revised]. A historical cohort study was designed and all athletic students at Mazandaran Medical University [with at least 2 years physical activity] and nonathletic students matched for age, sex, marital status, educational course, semester, job and dwelling completed the Scl-90-R questionnaire and other demographic questions. The data were analyzed using SPSS release 10 and statistical analytic tests. Seventy athletic [34.3% female] and 70 nonathletic students [control] were enrolled in the study. The mean score for each dimension according to the Scl-90-R questionnaire in athletic group was less than the control, but the difference was only statistically significant for depression [p=0.047] and paranoid thinking [p=0.012]. In comparison of general scales [Global Severity Index, PST Positive Symptom Test PST and Positive Symptom Distress Index PSDI], the level of mental health of athletic group was better than nonathletic group [p=0.00]. Physical activities have a positive effect on mental health, especially in students who are engaged in regular physical activity