RESUMEN
Background: Efflux is the process in which bacteria transport compounds outside the cell which are potentially toxic, such as drug or chemicals or compounds
Materials and methods: For this review article by using key words: multidrug resistace, microorganisms, efflux pumps, resistance mechanism we have assessed 12 articles in journals published during 1997-2002
Results: Multidrug efflux systems endow on bacterial cells the ability to limit the access of antimicrobial agents to their targets. By actively pumping out antibiotic molecules, these systems prevent the intra cellular accumulation necessary for antibiotics to exert their lethal actively. Drug efflux appears to be one of the most widespread antibiotic resistance mechanisms among microorganisms, since it has been demonstrated to ocuur in many Gram positive and Gram- negative bateria including medically important species like staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria and opportunistic pathogens like pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial antimicrobial efflux transporters have generally been grouped into five superfamily. These include the major facilitator superfamily [MFS], the ATP- binding cassette family, the resistance nodulation - division [RND] family, the small multidrug resistance [SMR] and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion [MATE] family
Conclusion: Efflux pumps can be specific for only one substrate or accommodate a more or less wide range of noxious products
RESUMEN
Background: Efflux is the process in which bacteria transport compounds outside the cell which are potentially toxic, such as drug or chemicals or compounds
Materials and Methods: For this review article by using key words: multidrug resistace, microorganisms, efflux pumps, resistance mechanism we have assessed 12 articles in journals published during 1997-2002
Results: Multidrug efflux systems endow on bacterial cells the ability to limit the access of antimicrobial agents to their targets. By actively pumping out antibiotic molecules, these systems prevent the intra cellular accumulation necessary for antibiotics to exert their lethal actively. Drug efflux appears to be one of the most widespread antibiotic resistance mechanisms among microorganisms, since it has been demonstrated to ocuur in many Gram positive and Gram- negative bateria including medically important species like staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria and opportunistic pathogens like pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial antimicrobial efflux transporters have generally been grouped into five superfamily. These include the major facilitator superfamily [MFS], the ATP- binding cassette family, the resistance - nodulation - division [RND] family, the small multidrug resistance [SMR] and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion [MATE]family
Conclusion: Efflux pumps can be specific for only one substrate or accommodate a more or less wide range of noxious products