Quality evaluation of Cnidii Fructus in commodity grade based on theory of "quality evaluation through morphological identification" / 中国中药杂志

From the perspective of market classification of Cnidii Fructus, this paper revealed the scientific connotation of evaluating the quality grade of Cnidii Fructus by its appearance traits. Thirty batches of Cnidii Fructus in different grades were selected as the research objects. The canonical correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) were used to explore the measurement values of 15 appearance traits and intrinsic content indexes. The results of correlation analysis showed that except the aspect ratio, the 5 appearance trait indexes(length, width, 1 000-grain weight, broken grain weight proportion, and chroma) and 9 internal content indexes(the content of moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash, osthole, imperatorin, 5-methoxy psoralen, isopimpinellin, xanthotoxin, and xanthotol) showed significant correlation to varying degrees. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the first typical variable U_1 composed of appearance traits and the first typical variable V_1 composed of internal content indexes(CR_1=0.963, P<0.01). The results of PCA showed that the classification results of appearance traits for 30 batches of Cnidii Fructus were consistent with the actual information of the samples. Under the same analysis conditions, 30 batches of Cnidii Fructus were reclassified by 9 groups of internal content indexes, and the analysis results were consistent. From the classification standard of the appearance traits of the system study, the statistical results of 6 appearance traits of Cnidii Fructus showed a correlation with grades. There was a good correlation between the appearance and the internal content of Cnidii Fructus, and the appearance quality effectively predicted the level of the internal content. There is a certain scientific basis for the quality classification of Cnidii Fructus by main appearance traits. Appearance classification can replace quality grading to realize the "quality evaluation through morphological identification" of Cnidii Fructus.

Q-marker prediction of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex before and after "sweating" / 中国中药杂志

Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, a common Chinese medicinal in clinic, should undergo "sweating" process in producing area according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which affects its genuineness and quality. In light of the concept and research mode of quality marker(Q-marker) for decoction pieces, the active components of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex pieces which altered significantly before and after "sweating" were identified in this study. The main pharmacodynamic material basis was clarified by pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and drug property research, followed by the prediction of Q-markers of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex before and after "sweating", for better improving its quality standard.

Quality Regionalization of Angelica sinensis in Genuine Producing Area / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study on the quality regionalization of <italic>Angelica sinensis</italic>，in order to guide the rational cultivation of <italic>A. sinensis</italic>. Method:Through visits and field surveys，a total of 857 batches of <italic>A. sinensis</italic> were collected from different counties of Dingxi，relevant geographic information such as longitude，latitude，altitude of each sampling point were obtained by using the global positioning system（GPS），the content of 8 indexes in <italic>A. sinensis </italic>was detected by UPLC， and based on national ecological environment factor data，the suitability analysis of the quality of <italic>A. sinensis</italic> was performed by using MaxEnt，ArcGIS，SPSS. Result:The suitable areas of <italic>A. sinens </italic>were concentrated in central and southern Dingxi. In the suitable areas，the content of ferulic acid，coniferyl ferulate，senkyunolide H decreased from south to north，the content of chlorogenic acid decreased from north to south，the content of senkyunolide A，senkyunolide I decreased from east to west，the distribution regularity of butenyl phthalide was not strong，the highest-content areas were in western Min county，Qingyuan town of Qingyuan county，Shangwan Township and Huichuan town. The content of ligustilide was consistent in the suitable area，and the highest content were in the middle of Weiyuan county and the northern Tongwei county. The results showed that it had a higher index components and comprehensive quality in Min county，Zhang county，southern Weiyuan county and northern Tongwei county. Conclusion:In this study，the quality suitability areas of <italic>A. sinensis</italic> in Dingxi were graded. The chemical components and the quality suitability zoning maps were generated. The findings could provide references for the comprehensive utilization of <italic>A. sinensis</italic>，the selection and construction of high-quality <italic>A. sinensis</italic> raw material base，and the scientific guidance for the production and regional development of <italic>A. sinensis</italic> in Dingxi.

Quantitative analysis of total content differentiation and driving factors of phenolic acids in Angelicae Sinensis Radix of Gansu Dao-di herbs from perspective of geographical space / 中国中药杂志

Dao-di herbs, produced in a specific region and screened through long-term clinical application, is characterized by high stable quality, good efficacy, and high popularity. With favorable climate conditions, Gansu gives birth to the Dao-di herbs Angelicae Sinensis Radix which is widely used in clinical practice, and multiple regions in Gansu, with similar ecological environment produce Angelicae Sinensis Radix. In this study, the spatial correlation and difference of phenolic acid content in Angelicae Sinensis Radix from Dao-di producing areas, emerging producing areas, and emerging planting areas in Gansu were analyzed based on ArcGIS to explore the "quality(chemical type)" characteristics of genuine Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Moreover, spatial distribution law and main driving factors of the total phenolic acid content in Angelicae Sinensis Radix in Gansu were analyzed based on geodetecctor. This study is expected to lay a basis for Dao-di research and production regionalization of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.

Quantifying the impacts of human mobility restriction on the spread of coronavirus disease 2019: an empirical analysis from 344 cities of China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), human mobility restriction measures have raised controversies, partly because of the inconsistent findings. An empirical study is promptly needed to reliably assess the causal effects of the mobility restriction. The purpose of this study was to quantify the causal effects of human mobility restriction on the spread of COVID-19.@*METHODS@#Our study applied the difference-in-difference (DID) model to assess the declines of population mobility at the city level, and used the log-log regression model to examine the effects of population mobility declines on the disease spread measured by cumulative or new cases of COVID-19 over time after adjusting for confounders.@*RESULTS@#The DID model showed that a continual expansion of the relative declines over time in 2020. After 4 weeks, population mobility declined by -54.81% (interquartile range, -65.50% to -43.56%). The accrued population mobility declines were associated with the significant reduction of cumulative COVID-19 cases throughout 6 weeks (ie, 1% decline of population mobility was associated with 0.72% [95% CI: 0.50%-0.93%] reduction of cumulative cases for 1 week, 1.42% 2 weeks, 1.69% 3 weeks, 1.72% 4 weeks, 1.64% 5 weeks, and 1.52% 6 weeks). The impact on the weekly new cases seemed greater in the first 4 weeks but faded thereafter. The effects on cumulative cases differed by cities of different population sizes, with greater effects seen in larger cities.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Persistent population mobility restrictions are well deserved. Implementation of mobility restrictions in major cities with large population sizes may be even more important.

Wheat growth and nutrient uptake after phosphorus and potassium applications in saline-sodic field of semi-arid region / Crescimento do trigo e absorção de nutrientes após aplicações de fósforo e potássio em campo salino-sódico do semi-árido

Nutrient deficiency is a limiting factor in saline-sodic soils resulting in low crop production. The study investigated wheat response to P and K added to soils. The K was applied at 0 (K0), 75 (K1), 150 (K2) kg K2O ha-1 as K2S04 and at (0 (P0), 60 (P1), 120 (P2) kg P2O5 ha-1 as (NH4)2HPO4 in three replications under two-factorial randomized complete block (RCB) design. Both treatments significantly enhanced wheat grain (118%) and dry matter yield (60%) at P2K2 compared to control. The P treatments significantly affected leaf P, Mg, SO4, Ca:P, SO4:P ratios and soil P, Ca:P, Cl:P and SO4:P ratios, while K on leaf K, Na, Ca, SO4 concentration, K:Na, K:Ca, SO4:P,Ca:P ratios and soil pH, Na, K, Ca, SO4 concentrations, SAR, Na:K, Ca:K and Na:Ca ratios. Leaf Na was decreased to 85.3 mmol (+) kg-1 at K2 compared to 105.3 mmol (+) kg-1at P2K0. Negative correlation (R2=0.906) of leaf K:Na was found with leaf Na concentration. The correlation of dry matter was higher (R2=0.851) with leaf K:Na ratio than grain yield (R2=0.392). It is concluded that the addition of K and P addition shows beneficial effects in improving crop nutrition and wheat yield in the saline-sodic soil environment.

A deficiência de nutrientes é um fator limitante em solos salino-sódicos, resultando em baixa produção agrícola. O estudo investigou a resposta do trigo ao P e K adicionados ao solo. O K foi aplicado em 0 (K0), 75 (K1), 150 (K2) kg K2O ha-1 como K2S04 e em (0 (P0), 60 (P1), 120 (P2) kg P2O5 ha-1 como (NH4)2HPO4 em três repetições sob delineamento de blocos completos casualizados (RCB) de dois fatores. Ambos os tratamentos aumentaram significativamente o rendimento de grãos de trigo (118%) e de matéria seca (60%) em P2K2 em comparação com o controle. Os tratamentos com P afetaram significativamente o P foliar, Mg, SO4, as razões Ca:P, SO4:P e o P do solo, e as razões Ca:P, Cl:P e SO4:P, enquanto K no K foliar, Na, Ca, concentração de SO4, razões K:Na, K:Ca, SO4:P, Ca:P e pH do solo, Na, K, Ca, concentrações de SO4, SAR, razões Na:K, Ca:K e Na:Ca. O Na da folha foi reduzido para 85,3 mmol (+) kg-1 em K2 em comparação com 105,3 mmol (+) kg-1 em P2K0. Correlação negativa (R2 = 0,906) do K:Na na folha foi encontrada com a concentração de Na na folha. A correlação da matéria seca foi maior (R2 = 0,851) com a relação K:Na da folha do que rendimento de grãos (R2 = 0,392). Conclui-se que a adição de K e P apresenta efeitos benéficos na melhoria da nutrição da cultura e na produtividade do trigo em solo salino-sódico

Nursing Grading Evaluation System for Patients with Stroke at Home: Construction, Validity and Reliability / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To construct a nursing grading evaluation indicator system for patients with stroke at home to provide a basis for graded care. Methods:Based on literature analysis, qualitative interviews and panel meeting, an evaluation indicator system was preliminarily drafted. June to September, 2018, the indicator system was consulted to experts three times. It was used to evaluate 210 patients with stroke at home from September to December, 2018 to test its reliability and validity. Results:The effective recovery rates of the three times of consultation were 85.00%, 89.47% and 100%, and the authority coefficient were 0.878, 0.879 and 0.879. The indicator system included four first-level indicators, 30 second-level indicators and 120 items. The scale-level content validity index (CVI) universal agreement was 0.733, average CVI was 0.927; the item-level CVIs were 0.83 to 1.00. For the overall level, the Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.928, and the Guttman Spilt half-factor coefficient was 0.794. For the dimensions, the Cronbach's α coefficient and the Guttman Spilt half-factor coefficients were all above 0.700. The correlated coefficients inter-evaluator of each indicators were 0.492 to 0.963 (P< 0.05). Conclusion:The nursing grading evaluation indicator system for patients with stroke at home is simple and operable, with satisfactory reliability and validity to grade the level of care for patients with stroke at home.

Dexamethasone protects the glycocalyx on the kidney microvascular endothelium during severe acute pancreatitis / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

OBJECTIVE@#This study demonstrated that dexamethasone (DEX) protects the endothelial glycocalyx from damage induced by the inflammatory stimulus tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) during severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and improves the renal microcirculation.@*METHODS@#Ninety mice were evenly divided into 3 groups (Sham, SAP, and SAP+DEX). The SAP mice model was established by ligature of pancreatic duct and intraperitoneal injection of cerulein. Renal perfusion and function, and morphological changes of the glycocalyx were evaluated by laser Doppler velocimetry, electron microscopy, and histopathology (hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining), respectively. Serum levels of syndecan-1 and TNF-α were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protective effects of dexamethasone on the glycocalyx and renal microcirculation were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Significantly high levels of serum TNF-α were detected 3 h after the onset of SAP. These levels might induce degradation of the glycocalyx and kidney hypoperfusion, resulting in kidney microcirculation dysfunction. The application of dexamethasone reduced the degradation of the glycocalyx and improved perfusion of kidney.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Dexamethasone protects the endothelial glycocalyx from inflammatory degradation possibly initiated by TNF-α during SAP. This is might be a significant discovery that helps to prevent tissue edema and hypoperfusion in the future.

Effect of anterior lens capsule contraction on intraocular lens decentration after cataract surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the influence of lens capsule contraction on intraocular lens(IOL)decentration after cataract surgery.<p>METHODS: Totally 40 cases(40 eyes)of senile cataract underwent phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation. Within 3mo after operation, the anterior capsule opening area was measured by Photoshop software, the IOL decentration was measured by iTrace visual quality analyzer. The influence of anterior capsule opening area on IOL decentration was assessed by Pearson correlation analysis.<p>RESULTS: At 1d, 1mo and 3mo after operation, anterior capsule opening area was gradually reduced, the difference between different time points was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.01); IOL decentration gradually increased, and the difference between different time points was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.01); the visual acuity of patients decreased gradually, and the difference between different time points was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.01). The change of anterior capsule opening area was positively correlated with IOL decentration(<i>r</i>=0.566, <i>P</i><0.05), but there was no significant correlation between visual acuity and IOL decentration(<i>r</i>= -0.104, <i>P</i>> 0.05), the change of anterior capsule opening area was negatively correlated with the initial anterior capsule opening area(<i>r</i>= -0.476, <i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: The anterior capsule contraction after cataract surgery can lead to IOL decentration.

Effects of Cigu Xiaozhi Pills on Lipotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rats with Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To explore the effects of Cigu Xiaozhi Pills on lipotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); To discuss relevant mechanism of action. Methods SD rats were divided into six groups randomly:normal control group,model group,positive medicine group,Cigu Xiaozhi Pills high-,medium-, and low-dose groups. NASH model was established by feeding rats with high fat diet for 12 weeks. At the same time, the model rats were given medicine intervention. At the end of 12 weeks, all the experimental animals were killed and the liver and serum were taken. Serum samples were taken for detection of ALT, AST, TG, TC, T-SOD, LDL-C, MDA, GSH-Px and FFA. Liver tissues were taken for detection of T-SOD, MDA, GSH-Px and FFA. The liver histopathological changes were observed under microscope with HE staining. The ultrastructure of liver cells was observed by transmission electron microscope. The fatty degeneration of liver cells was observed by oil red O staining. Results Liver histopathological examination showed that the liver tissue of model group showed moderate to severe steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with normal control group, rat liver wet weight, liver index, ALT, AST, TG, TC, LDL-C, MDA and FFA in serum, and FFA and MDA in liver homogenate in model group significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while T-SOD and GSH-Px activity in serum and liver homogenate significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with model group, Cigu Xiaozhi Pills high-dose group could significantly decrease the elevation of serum ALT, AST, TG, TC, LDL-C, MDA and FFA (P<0.05, P<0.01), but increase T-SOD and GSH-Px activity in serum and liver tissue (P<0.01). The pathological section showed that:compared with model group, the hepatic lobule vacuolar degeneration and fatty degeneration were significantly reduced in Cigu Xiaozhi Pills high-, medium- and low-dose groups, and the inflammatory cell infiltration was improved. Conclusion Cigu Xiaozhi Pills can obviously improve liver function and blood lipid of NASH rat model induced by high-fat diet, enhance antioxidant capacity, reduce lipid peroxidation and achieve the purpose of prevention and treatment of NASH.

Clinical Observation of Acupuncture plus Medication in Treating Chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus medication in treating chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. Method By using the random number table, sixty-eight patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease were randomized into an acupuncture-medication group of 34 cases and a medication group of 34 cases. The clinical efficacies were compared after 2 courses of treatment, and the symptoms and body signs scores and syndrome score of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were also compared. Result There was a significant difference in comparing the therapeutic efficacy between the acupuncture-medication group and the medication group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the symptoms and body signs scores and TCM syndrome score dropped significantly in both groups (P<0.05), indicating that the two groups both had improvement in the symptoms, body signs and TCM syndrome; there were significant between-group differences in comparing the score differences in the symptoms and body signs scores and TCM syndrome score after the treatment (P<0.05), and the acupuncture-medication group was higher than the medication group. Conclusion Acupuncture plus medication can better ameliorate the symptoms and body signs and TCM syndrome in chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.

Establishment of Acute Immunological Liver Injury Wistar Rat Model Induced by Concanavalin A / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To explore the dosage and injection method of concanavalin A(Con A) for inducing Wistar rats into the acute hepatic injury model. Methods (1)According to the dosage of Con A, 42 Wistar rats were randomly divided into groups A, B, C, D, E, N, 7 rats in each group. Group N was given tail intravenous injection of normal saline as normal control group. Groups A, B, C, D, E were given intravenous injection of 4, 8, 16, 30, 40 mg/kg of Con A respectively. At the 8th hour after modeling, the levels of alanine transaminase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), albumin(ALB), interleukin(IL)-2 , IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere detected. And HE staining was used to observe the pathological feature of hepatic tissue. (2)According to the injection method of Con A, 21 Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, intraperitoneal injection group and tail intravenous injection group, 7 rats in each group. The dosage of Con A for the rats in intraperitoneal injection group and tail intravenous injection group was 16 mg/kg. At the 8th hour after modeling, the levels of serum ALT, AST, and ALB were determined. Results The number of abnormal deaths in various dose Con A groups at the end of each experiment was 0 in groups A, B, C, and 2 in group D, and 7 in group E. A small amount of spotty necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hepatic lobule with almost integrity of structure were found in groups A, B, while obvious bridging-like necrosis was seen in groups C, D. Serum ALT, AST, and ALB levels in intraperitoneal injection group had no statistically significant difference as compared with the normal control group. Conclusion Tail intravenous injection of 16 mg/kg of Con A can be used to induce an acute immunological liver injury rat model successfully.

Therapeutic Effect of Lai's Acupuncture Therapy Combined with Chinese Herbal Decoction in Treating Infertility with Ovulatory Dysfunction / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Lai's acupuncture therapy combined with Chinese herbal decoction for the treatment of infertility with ovulatory dysfunction, and to summarize the experience of Professor Lai Xin-Sheng in treating infertility. Methods Ninety-six infertility patients with ovulatory dysfunction were randomized into treatment group and control group, 48 cases in each group. The treatment group was treated with Lai's Tongyuan acupuncture therapy for regulating Governor Vessel to tranquilize mind, inducing meridian Qi to original Qi, and was also given oral use of Chinese herbal decoction of Lai's Yiyun Recipe for promoting gestation. The control group was treated with Chinese herbal decoction alone. The treatment began exactly after the completion of menstruation period and lasted 15 days for one treatment course, covering 3 courses. And then the patients of the two groups were followed-up for 3 months. Therapeutic effect and pregnancy rate were evaluated after treatment, serum levels of estradiol and progesterone were examined, and abdominal ultrasonography was used for monitoring the maximum diameter of the dominant follicles and endometrial thickness before and after treatment. Results (1) Three cases from the treatment group and 5 cases from the control group were dropped out, and the final case number in the treatment group and control group was 45, 43 respectively. (2) The total efficiency of the treatment group was 88.9％, and that of the control group was 81.4％. The effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). (3) The pregnancy rate of the treatment group was 73.3％, higher than that of the control group (51.2％), the difference being significant (P < 0.05). (4) After treatment, the maximum diameter of the dominant follicles and endometrial thickness in the two groups were obviously improved(P < 0.05 compared with those before treatment), and the improvement in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). (5) After treatment, the serum levels of estradiol and progesterone in the two groups were obviously improved(P < 0.05 compared with those before treatment) , and the improvement in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion The therapeutic effect of Lai's acupuncture therapy combined with Chinese herbal decoction is superior to that of Chinese herbal decoction alone, showing an obvious synergistic effect by shortening the course of treatment and enhancing pregnancy rate.

Using Machine Learning to Investigate Factors Influencing the Efficacy of "Shoulder Tri-needles Therapy" in Treatment of Shoulder-hand Syndrome in 586 Stroke Patients / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors influencing the therapeutic effect of "Shoulder Tri-needles therapy" in the treatment of shoulder-hand syndrome of stroke patients by using machine learning approach, so as to provide a feasibility for improving clinical efficacy. METHODS: A total of 586 stroke patients with shoulder-hand syndrome eligible for this study were involved in our machine learning experiments for classification of the influential factors. Their data including the age, gender, pulse condition, complexion, tongue quality, tongue coating, disease stage, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood glucose, blood triglyceride, blood total cholesterol, smoking history, drinking history, and final outcomes were extracted from the medical record system (from Oct. of 2014 to Jan. of 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital and Shenzhen Futian Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine). The single rule algorithm (1 R) was adopted to learn, followed by optimization with Repeated Incremental Pruning to Produce Error Reduction (RIPPER) algorithm, and C 5.0 decision tree algorithm. RESULTS: The accurate classification rates of 1 R, RIPPER and decision tree model were 87.37%(512/586), 95.90% (562/586), and 97.10% (569/586), respectively. The final outcomes of machine learning of this study showed that the disease stage (acute or recovery stage), complexion difference, tongue coating difference, blood pressure level, consumption of alcohol, BMI, and smoking habit were the most important factors influencing the therapeutic effect of "Shoulder Tri-needles" in the treatment of shoulder-hand syndrome of stroke patients. CONCLUSION: The disease stage, complexion and tongue identification, blood pressure level, alcohol drinking and smoking habits, and BMI are the principal factors affecting the therapeutic effect of "Shoulder Tri-needles therapy" in the treatment of shoulder-hand syndrome of stroke patients.

Rosiglitazone alleviates vascular endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats / 基础医学与临床

To observe metabolic abnormalities, histology changes and eNOS expression of aorta in type 2 diabetes rat.And to observe intervention effect of rosiglitazone.Methods 80 male Wistar rats were randomized to control group, high diet group, diabetes group, and rosiglitazone treatment group (diabetes plus rosiglitazone treatment).Type 2 diabetes models were developed and rosiglization group was treated with rosiglitazone .Six weeks and twelve weeks after treatment with rosiglitazone, blood glucose, endothlin and nitric oxide were tested.Histology changes of aorta in different groups were observed under microscopy .Meanwhile the protein and mRNA expression of eNOS in aorta were examined.Results 1)Compared with control group, ET in high fat diet group, diabetes group and rosiglitazone group increased significantly , and the level of NO decreased significantly at 6 week and 12 week.At 12 week, ET in diabetes group increased, and NO decreased significantly than that of high fat diet group and rosiglitazone group.2)Histology changes were observed in high fat diet group , diabetes group and rosiglitazone group at 12 week.3)Compared with control group, protein and mRNA expression in high fat diet group , diabetes group and rosiglitazone group were down regulated at 6 week and 12 week.And protein expression in diabetes group was down regulated than that in rosiglitazone group .Conclusions Rosiglization can ease the endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes rat.

Driver gene mutations among non-small cell lung cancer tissues and its clinical significance / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the mutation rate of EGFR,KRAS,ALK and ROS1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its association with clinical or pathological characteristics.Methods 86 NSCLC tissues were included.Fluorescence PCR was used to detect the EGFR,KRAS mutation and ALK,ROS1 fusion gene.The association between EGFR,KRAS,ALK and ROS1 gene and age,gender,smoking history,histological type,lymph node metastasis and other clinical pathological features were analyzed.Results The total mutation rate of the driver gene in NSCLC patients was 62.8％ (54/86).EGFR mutation rate was 76％ (41/54).KRAS mutation rate was 9.3％ (5/54).ALK gene fusion mutation rate was 13.0％ (7/54),and in one of the patients,EGFR 19 deletion mutation and ALK fusion co-exist.ROS1 gene fusion mutation was 3.8％ (2/54).EGFR gene mutation rate was higher in adenocarcinoma and female (P ＜ 0.05),but no significant association was found in age,smoking history and lymph node metastasis (P ＞0.05).KRAS,ALK,ROS1 genes had no obvious correlation with clinical pathological features (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The EGFR mutation and ALK fusion was rather high in patients with NSCLC.More attention should be paid to them.Though KRAS,ROS1 mutations and double mutations were low in NSCLC patients,they should not be ignored.

Generation and phenotype analysis of zebrafish mutations of obesity-related genes lepr and mc4r / 生理学报

Obesity has become a severe public health problem across the world, and seriously affects the health and life quality of human beings. Here we generated lepr and mc4r mutant zebrafish via the CRISPR/Cas9 technique, and performed morphological and functional characterizations of those mutants. We observed that there was no significant phenotypic difference between homozygous mutants and wild-type controls before 2.5 months post-fertilization (mpf). However, the adult leprand mc4rindividuals displayed increased food intake, heavier weight, and higher body fat percentage, the characteristics of obesity phenotypes. Blood glucose test showed that overfeeding induced significantly impaired glucose tolerance in adult leprand mc4rzebrafish. Furthermore, we analyzed 76 energy metabolism-related transcripts in leprand mc4rzebrafish livers by using real-time RT-PCR, and compared the results with the published microarray data of Lepmouse livers, and found that the changes in the expression of insulin/IGF signaling (IIS) pathway genes in leprzebrafish and Lepmouse were positively correlated, suggesting that the IIS pathway maintains functional conservation between zebrafish and mammals during the evolution of the obesity-regulating molecule network.

Survey and analysis on clinical engineering departments in Guangdong under new regulations / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To investigate the status quo of clinical engineering departments (CED) in Guangdong province, to find out the main problems and challenges, and to give some suggestions on promoting the development of clinical engineering. Methods Questionnaires were issued to directors or engineers in hospitals on department missions, staff composition, quality control and obstructive factors for discipline development. Statistical analysis was executed for the questionnaires. Results Only 53.19% of the CED operated independently. The daily CE practice in Guangdong hospitals included carrying out procurement, installation, maintenance and archiving. Only 28.0%of the hospitals had QC instruments. The education backgrounds were mainly restrained in undergraduate degree and junior college degree, accounting for 80.0%. Totally 39.0% of the clinical engineers majored in biomedical engineering. The personnel with primary or intermediate professional titles accounted for 61.96%. There was 0.68 engineer per 100 beds or 0.23 engineer per ten million Yuan medical equipment. The top 3 factors that hindered the development of CE were inadequacy of professional staff, low education level and absence of laws and regulations. Conclusion CED in Guangdong province drops behind the outstanding institutions in China, and has to be promoted with the efforts of supervision facilities and etc.

Specific microRNA expression profiles of lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei region and bioinformatic analysis for predicting their target genes and related signaling pathways / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) related to lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei region and predict their target genes and related signaling pathways based on bioinformatic analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>High-throughput microarray assay was performed to detect miRNA expression profiles in 34 paired human lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal tissues (including 24 cases in Xuanwei region and 10 in other regions). Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses were used to predict the target genes and the regulatory signaling pathways.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirty-four miRNAs were differentially expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues in cases in Xuanwei region as compared with cases in other regions, including 23 upregulated and 11 downregulated miRNAs. The predicted target genes included GF, RTK, SOS, IRS1, BCAP, CYTOKINSR, ECM, ITGB, FAK and Gbeta;Y involving the PI3K/Alt, WNT and MAPK pathways.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The specific microRNA expression profiles of lung adenocarcinoma in cases found in Xuanwei region allow for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei. The predicted target genes may involve the PI3K/Alt, WNT and MAPK pathways.</p>

Inhibitory effects of phenolic glycoside compound xylocontroside D against Aβ1-42 induced neurotoxicity / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effects of phenolic glycoside compound xylocontroside D on neurotoxicity of primary cultured cortical neurons induced by Aβ1-42. METHODS: The primary cortical neurons and microglia cells derived from rat cerebral tissues were used and neurotoxicity were induced by Aβ1-42. Then the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide test (MTT) was applied for detecting cell survivability; cells were incubated with CH3-H2DCF-DA for evaluating cellular endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) level by flow cytometry; fluorescent staining of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-DG) was applied for identifying the metabolites of ROS based DNA damage; fluorescent imaging was applied for illustrating the activation of microglia cells and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied for analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygen-ase-2(COX-2), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). RESULTS: Xylocontroside D showed significant inhibitory effects on Aβ1-42 induced neurotoxicity, including cell death, cellular endogenous ROS levels and DNA damage caused by ROS reaction. Moreover, this compound could also prevent the activation of microglia, decrease the production or secretion of proinflammatory cytokines that produced by activated microglia, such as COX-1, COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that xylocontroside D was able to inhibit the oxidative stress injury and neuroinflammation of primary cultured cortical neurons induced by Aβ1-42.