Detection and analysis of bocavirus in hospitalized children with respiratory infection / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect human bocavirus (HBoV) and investigate its genetic and evolutionary characteristics in children with acute respiratory infection in Tianjin, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 1,259 samples of nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children with a confirmed diagnosis of acute respiratory infection between January and December, 2012. Viral nucleic acid was extracted, HBoV was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, and the gene segments of nucleocapsid protein of HBoV in positive samples were amplified by PCR. Several products were randomly selected and sequenced.The sequence obtained was compared with the known sequence of HBoV, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. All the samples were examined to detect for other common respiratory tract viruses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 1,259 samples, the positive rate of HBoV was 4.53% (57/1,259), and among the 57 samples with positive HBoV, 75% (43/57) were positive in children with an age of 6-36 months. The positive rate of HBoV in children peaked in summer (from June to August), and there was a mixed infection with other viruses. Sequence analysis was performed for the PCR products from 36 positive samples, and the presence of HBoV was confirmed, with a higher homology to the known sequence of HBoV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In Tianjin, acute respiratory infection in some children may be associated with HBoV infection, which is commonly seen in infants with an age of 6-36 months. The peak of HBoV infection occurs in summer. The phylogenetic analysis shows a high homology to the known sequence of HBoV, with few gene sequence variations.</p>

Effect of lactuside B on the expression of CHOP mRNA in rats' cerebral cortex and hippocampus after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of lactuside B on CHOP mRNA expression in rat's cerebral cortex and hippocampus after cerebral ischemia injury. METHODS: Male SD rats of 280-320 g were randomly given brain ischemia-reperfusion treatment for 24 and 72 h respectively and then divided into sham operation group, model group, positive control group, and lactuside B 12.5 mg · kg-1 group, 25 mg · kg-1 group and 50 mg · kg-1 group. There were a total of 12 groups with 4 rats in each group. The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by cerebral artery occlusion for 2 h. The animals with neurological missing symptom scores of 1-3 were selected for the experiment. All the animals were intraperitoneally injected corresponding experimental drugs after reperfusion for 24 and 72 h and then sacrificed. RT-PCR was used to detected the expression of CHOP mRNA in the cerebral and hippocampus at different time. RESULTS: After cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury for 24 and 72 h, the neurological deficits scores of the model group animals were significantly higher compared with the sham group (P < 0.01); the neurological deficit scores of the animals were decreased for positive control group and all lactuside B groups compared with model group (P < 0.01). All of the three dosage(12.5, 25 and 50 mg · kg-1) of lactuside B could reduce CHOP mRNA expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus compared with the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and the majority of lactuside B groups were superior to the positive control drug nimodip-ine(P < 0.01). There was a good dose-effect relationship for lactuside B in general, but only the middle dose group showed good time-effect relationship. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the anti-cerebral ischemia effect of lactuside B may be related with the down-regulation of CHOP mRNA expression in cortex and hippocampus. Lactuside B is worthy of development. Copyright 2013 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Effect of lactuside B on the expression of bcl-2 and bax mRNA and their protein in rats' cerebral cortex after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury / 药学学报

This study is to investigate the effect of the major chemical composition in rhizome of Pterocypsela elata, lactuside B, on expression of bcl-2, bax mRNA and their protein in rats' cerebral cortex after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. First, middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established, and each group was treated with the corresponding medicines. Animals were separately sacrificed at 24 h and 72 h. The brain infarct volumes were detected by TTC dye, bcl-2 and bax mRNA expression was checked by RT-PCR, and the proteins of bcl-2 and bax were explored by two-step immunohistochemistry in cerebral cortex of rats. Lactuside B can reduce brain infarct volume of cerebral cortex of rats, increase the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and decrease that of bax mRNA. Moreover, the ratio of bcl-2 to bax mRNA is higher in 12.5 and 25 mg kg(-1) dose group, respectively, which is significantly different from that of model group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Generally, either 12.5 or 25 mg kg(-1) dose group is better than positive control medicine nimodipine (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In addition, the expression of bcl-2 and bax protein is consistent with their gene expression. Infarct volume and the ratio of bcl-2 to bax mRNA expression are significantly different (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) between 72 h and 24 h group. The results demonstrated that lactuside B could play a good role in resisting cerebral ischemia by upregulating the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and protein and downregulating that of bax mRNA and protein.