RESUMEN
BACKGROUND:The repair of temporomandibular joint disc is stil a great clinical chal enge. Pluripotent adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells bring a hope for fibrocartilage tissue repair. Up to now, there are few studies concerning transforming growth factor-β3 to induce differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into fibrochondrocytes. OBJECTIVE:To observe the growth and morphology of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells under the induction of transforming growth factor-β3. METHODS:We observed the morphology of fibrochondrocytes differentiated from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells under the induction of transforming growth factor-β3. Histological and immunofluorescence staining were employed to detect the expression of extracellular matrix Ⅰ, Ⅱ col agens and proteoglycansthe produced by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. We also evaluated the feasibility of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells as seed cells for fibrocartilage tissue engineering. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the inverted fluorescence microscope, induced cells showed obvious aggregation growth, polygonal shape, and increased secretion of extracellular matrix. Alcian blue staining results showed that under the induction of transforming growth factor-β3, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibited the distinctly deep blue, indicating a large number of glycosaminoglycan was synthesized. Immunostaining results showed that under the induction of transforming growth factorβ3, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells synthesized extracellular matrix Ⅰ, Ⅱ col agen. These findings suggest that transforming growth factorβ3 can induce adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into fibrouscartilage-like cells, and that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can serve as seed cells for fibrocartilage tissue engineering.
RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to obtain the alginate gels which could have proper compressive strength and excellent permeability for cell proliferation and could have more promising potentials in the application of tissue engineering. Through the reaction of the carboxyl of the alginate and the amino of methacrylic acid, methylacrylic was generated into alginate long chain which could be enhanced by the polymerization of double bond under thermal reaction condition. And then alginate gel beads were prepared using the mixture of calcium chloride and barium chloride solution as cationic crosslinker, and the compressive modulus and permeability of the prepared alginate gel beads were investigated. When the ratio of barium ions to calcium ions was 5:5, the compression modulus was 189.7 kPa, and it showed the best permeability for trypsin with molecular weight of 24 kDa and entrapment effect for bovine serum albumin with molecular weight of 67 kDa. Compared to compositions of other ratios, the alginate gel beads made in 5:5 mixture indicated excellent compressive modulus and permeability. These results indicated that the alginate hydrogel beads with the ratio of barium ions to calcium ions being 5:5 have a potential application in tissue engineering as a support material and encapsulating materials in cell culture.