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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of 1-3-n-Butylphthalide on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following whole brain irradiation in rats.Methods144 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-irradiation group,irradiation group,1-3-n-Butylphthalide group,and irradiation plus 1-3-n-Butylphthalide group.Whole-brain irradiation was given as a single-dose of 10 Gy using 4 MV X-ray.The rats were injected intraperitoneally with 1-3-n-Butylphthalide at 0.3 mg/kg,1.0 mg/kg,3.0 mg/kg once per day.The changes of the BBB were assessed by Evans blue (EB) assay.The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the brain tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. The circulating endothelial cells (CECs) isolated from right ventricular blood were counted.MRI was evaluated with the T1-weighted images,T2-weighted images and MRI enhancement images induced by Gd-DTPA.The data were compared among the groups through Student-Newman-Keuls test.ResultsCompared with the sham-irradiation group,the EB content,the expression of VEGF in the brain tissue and the CECs were significantly increased in the irradiation group (2.81∶ 7.82,P =0.002;5.83∶ 10.26,P=0.003;3.16∶6.14,P =0.002).The signal intensity of T1-weighted images was significantly decreased while T2-weighted images and the enhancement rate significantly increased in the irradiation group (P =0.004 -0.018 ).Compared with irradiation group,the EB content,the expression of VEGF and the CECs were decreased significantly in the irradiation plus 1-3-n-Butylphthalide group ( 7.80∶ 3.86,P =0.007 ; 10.83 ∶ 5.26,P =0.008 ;6.36∶ 3.64,P =0.009 ).However,the changes in the MRI were significantly attenuated ( P =0.008-0.026,and 0.006 -0.038,respectively).Conclusions Following whole brain irradiation,1-3-n-Butylphthalide can decrease the permeability of the BBB in rats via decreasing VEGF expression and decreasing the CECs.
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Objective:To detect depression in stroke patients and observe its influence on rehabilitation of neurological function and the effect of fluxetine therapy Methods:132 acute stroke patients (78 with infarction, 54 with hemorrhage) were included in the study After inclusion, we did five times of assessments at the end of 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year respectively using HAMD assessment to determine whether there had depression or not, as well as SSS (modified Edingburgh-Scandinavian Scoring Scale) for neurological function, ADL (activity of daily living), and self rate depression and anxiety (Zung's self rate depression scale and anxiety scale) Of those with depression, 25 received fluxetine 20mg/d, other 32 with only regular treatment of stroke as control Results:According to results of HAMD, 59 of the 132 had depression (44 7%) The rate of depression had no significant difference between male and female, between those with infarction and with hemorrhage Depression had negative influence on neurological function and activity of daily living Depression had no relation to location, size and unilateral or bilateral of the loci Fluxetine improved depression, neurological function and activity of daily living from 3 months after stroke; its influence on neurological impairment was most significant at 1 year after stroke Conclusion: Post stroke depression is common after cerebral infarction or hemorrhage, it has negative influence on rehabilitation of neurological function and activity of daily living Fluxetine improves both neurological impairments and activity of daily function, as the same time of its improvement of depression
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The gerbil model in this study was induced by 30 min of bilateral carotid occlusion and 120 min of reperfusion. Verapamil ( 0.5 mg/kg)was given intravenously 10 min before ischemia, or 5 min after bilateral carotid occlusion. Local cerebral blood flow was determined by the hydrogen clearance teachnique. Brain water content was detected by the wet and dry methods. We conclude that verapamil used in this model may improve post-ischemic hypo-perfusion, increase local cerebral blood flow in ischemic region (P