RESUMEN
A number of studies have investigated the effect of age, trauma, disease and fatigue on cervical joint position sense. However, there is an absence in data regarding the role of posture on proprioception. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of Forward Head Posture [FHP] on cervical joint position sense. Twenty Forward Head Posture volunteers [14 women, 6 men], with the mean age of 23.94 [SD=3.26] years, and 17 normal head posture volunteers [8 women, 9 men] with the mean age of 23.50 [SD=2.68] years were asked to perform the Cervicocephalic relocation test [CRT] to the neutral head position [NHP]. The aim of this test was to evaluate the participants' ability to relocate the head to neutral position after they actively rotated it to left and right sides. Three trials were performed for each rotation to the left and right. In order to assess cervical joint repositioning accuracy, Absolute, Constant and Variable errors were used. No significant difference in repositioning errors was observed between experimental and control group in absolute and constant errors [P>0.05]; however, compared to normal group, Forward Head Posture subjects manifested significantly higher levels of variable errors [P<0.05]. Forward Head Posture can significantly affect the positioning consistency of cervical proprioception. Nonetheless, further investigation on the effect of Forward Head Posture on cervical proprioception in altered situations is recommended
RESUMEN
Neurotologic signs and symptoms, especially vestibular symptoms, are common in migraine patients. The goal of this study was to investigate some parts of the central vestibular system using some subtests of videonystagmographic evaluation, including spontaneous nystagmus, gaze-evoked nystagmus, and smooth pursuit between their attacks of migraine. Thirty patients with migraine and 38 healthy volunteers of 18-48 years of age were included in this study. Spontaneous nystagmus, gaze-evoked nystagmus toward the right, left and upward, and also smooth pursuit using three different velocities were performed in both groups. Five normal subjects and five migraine patients had spontaneous nystagmus, which was less than three degrees; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. No gazeevoked nystagmus was seen in both groups. In one velocity of smooth pursuit evaluation, gain and phase were significantly different. The statistical difference in gain and phase was not clinically important as it was in normal range of the device. Another statistically significant parameter was saccadic morphology of smooth pursuit which was seen in migraine patients. These results suggest the presence of subtle otoneurological abnormalities in migraine patients that is probably due to deficiency of oculomotor function with vestibulocerebellar origin
RESUMEN
In many migraine patients prophylactic drugs are effective in reducing attacks and symptoms such as vestibular complaints. Therefore, related neural pathways are probably also affected. This study aimed to compare vestibular evoked myogenic potential in migraine patients under treatment with prophylactic drugs and those without any treatment. Subjects included 46 patients with migraine. They were evaluated in two groups; those under treatment with prophylactic drugs [21 subjects] and those without treatment [25 subjects]. The age range of patients was 20-60 years. The vestibular evoked myogenic potential were recorded with 500 Hz tone bursts at 95 dB nHL. Mean of amplitude ratio [p=0.02], and interpeak latency values in the right ear [p=0.03] and left ear [p=0.001] were higher in patients with prophylactic therapy than the group without therapy; this difference was statistically significant. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of mean of latency of p13 and n23 peaks, and absolute amplitude [p>0.05]. Prophylactic drugs probably improve mean of main response parameters of vestibular evoked myogenic potential in migraine patients with prophylactic therapy
RESUMEN
Patients with migraine commonly show vestibular symptoms. However, abnormal neurotological test findings during the inter-attack intervals, even in the absence of vestibular symptoms, are suggestive of subclinical vestibular dysfunction in migraine. This study aimed to compare the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials between migraine patients and normal individuals. Subjects included 25 patients with migraine and 26 healthy volunteers with an age range of 20-53 years old. The vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were recorded with 500 Hz tone bursts at 95 dB nHL. Mean of absolute amplitude and p13 latency values in the migraine group were significantly less and more than the normal group, respectively [p=0.001 for absolute amplitude in right ant left ears; p=0.004 for p 13 latency in right ears and p=0.02 in left ears]. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in mean of the n23 latency and also the amplitude ratio [p>0.05]. According to the prolonged latency of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials response, vestibulospinal tract in brainstem is probably involved in migraine patients. However, due to small sample size, for generalizing this result to all patients with migraine, further researches are needed
RESUMEN
Following an early visual deprivation, the neural network involved in processing auditory spatial information undergoes a profound reorganization. In order to investigate this process, event-related potential provide accurate information about time course neural activation as well as perception and cognitive processes. In this study, the latency and amplitude of auditory P300 were compared in sighted and early blind individuals in age range of 18-25 years old. In this cross-sectional study, auditory P300 potential was measured in conventional oddball paradigm by using two tone burst stimuli [1000 and 2000 Hz] on 40 sighted subjects and 19 early blind subjects with mean age 20.94 years old. The mean latency of P300 in early blind subjects was significantly smaller than sighted subjects [p=0.00]. There were was no significant in amplitude between two groups [p > 0.05]. Reduced latency of P300 in early blind subjects in comparison to sighted subjects probably indicates the rate of automatic processing and information categorization is faster in early blind subjects because of sensory compensation. It seems that neural plasticity increases the rate of auditory processing and attention in early blind subjects