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Objective To construct a schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment system in Wuhan City and preliminary evaluate its application effect, so as to promote the rational allocation of schistosomiasis control resources and accelerate the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination. Methods The schistosomiasis risk assessment indicators were collected through referring schistosomiasis surveillance data of Wuhan City from 2014 to 2020, literature review and expert interviews. Indicators within each criterion and sub-criterion were screened using the Delphi method, and a hierarchical structure model was created based on analytic hierarchy process. Quantitative assignment of each indicator was conducted according to relative importance, and the weight and combination weight of each criterion were calculated in each analytic hierarchy framework to create a schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment system, which was used for the schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment in 12 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites in Wuhan City. Results A three-level schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment system was preliminarily constructed, which included a target layer, 5 criterion layers and 21 sub-criterion layers. Of all indicators in the criterion layer, transmission route had the highest weight (0.433), followed by source of Schistosoma japonicum infection (0.294); and among all indicators in the sub-criterion layer, S. japonicum infection in Oncomelania hupensis and sentinel mice had the highest combination weight (0.125), followed by prevalence of S. japonicum infection in humans (0.091) and bovines (0.053), snail control by chemical treatment (0.049), positive rate of inquiry examinations (0.048), allocation of schistosomiasis control professionals (0.045), and areas of submerged snail-infested settings (0.041). Of the 12 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites in Wuhan City, there were 5 sites with weights of > 0.8, 4 sites with weights of 0.6 to 0.8, and 3 sites with weights of < 0.6 in 2020. Conclusion A schistosomiasis transmission risk assessment system has been constructed based on analytic hierarchy process in Wuhan City, which may provide a evidence-based basis for health resource allocation and decision-making for schistosomiasis control.
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Objective To analyze the epidemiologic feature of overseas imported malaria in order to provide the evidence for improving the surveillance and control of malaria in Wuhan City. Methods The epidemiological investigation data of overseas imported malaria cases were collected and analyzed with an epidemiological method including plasmodium species epidemic fo?cus distribution domestic distribution population characteristics attack?diagnosis interval clinical grading etc. in Wuhan City from 2008 to 2013. Results A total of 240 overseas imported malaria cases were reported including 180 cases from Afri?can countries and the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum infections was 82.22% and 60 cases from Southeast Asian coun?tries and the proportion of Plasmodium vivax infections was 76.67% and the proportions of the parasite species were significant?ly different between the two regions χ2=105.53 P 0.001 . The male and young adults were dominant. there were no statisti?cal significance between clinical grading and attack?diagnosis interval Z=-0.99 P = 0.32 vocational background χ2=10.61 P=0.10 then clinical symptoms aggravated the situation was occurred more easily among the first attack cases χ2=7.66 P 0.05 and the falciparum malaria cases χ2=24.27 P 0.001 . Conclusions The overseas imported malaria cases are increasing rapidly with years and the malignant malaria cases were more than other malaria cases in Wuhan City. Therefore the surveillance and management of the returnees from malaria endemic areas should be strengthened continually.
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Objective To understand the prevalence of Capillaria hepatica in rodents from Wuhan section of the Yangtze River marshland. Methods Rodents were trapped in Jiang an section of Wuhan marshland of the Yangtze River. The livers of the rodents were examined for pathological changes by unaided eyes and the liver tissues were examined for the eggs of C. hepati-ca by a microscope. Results According to the natural conditions the investigation was carried out in 6 survey areas. Each sur-vey area was placed with 60 mousetraps and all 360 mousetraps were recovered. A total of 31 rodents rodent density 8.61%were captured and examined including 24 Apodemus agrarius 3 Rattus norvegicus 4 Sorex caecutiens and C. hepatica eggs were found in 1 R. norvegicus 1/3 and not found in A. agrarius and S. caecutiens. Conclusion This study has documented a prevalence of C. hepatica in rodents from Wuhan section of the Yangtze River marshland where is a natural epidemic focus of ca-pillariasis hepatica.
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The process of diagnosis,epidemiological survey and treatment of two cases of African imported quartan malaria is reported in this paper.