RESUMEN
Realizou-se um estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospectivo através da coleta de dados de prontuários médicos com o propósito traçar um perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes diagnosticados com câncer de cabeça e pescoço em um hospital de referência no sul de Santa Catarina no período de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2017. Foram analisados 161 prontuários, porém 153 preencheram os critérios de inclusão e compuseram a amostra final. Esses foram classificados em 3 grupos: carcinoma escamoso de cabeça e pescoço, tumores de nasofaringe e tumores de glândulas salivares. No primeiro grupo, a média de idade encontrada foi de 58,82 anos. Houve predomínio de homens (90,4%), cor da pele branca (94,1%) e pacientes com ensino fundamental incompleto (79,4%). 57,4% eram tabagistas e 28,7% etilistas. Maior parte (68%) chegou ao serviço em estágios avançados da doença (estágio III e IV). Nos cânceres de nasofaringe, a idade média foi de 57,88 anos. Predominou o sexo masculino (87,5%) e apenas 12,5% tinha história de tabagismo. 50% era do tipo carcinoma escamoso e 50% indiferenciado. Destes, 87,5% foram diagnosticados já no estágio IV. Sobre os cânceres de glândulas salivares, 62,67 anos foi a idade média. Nenhum paciente tinha história de tabagismo. 62,5% dos pacientes foram diagnosticados em estágio IVa e o tipo histológico mais frequente foi o adenóide cístico. Os resultados encontrados estão de acordo com a literatura. Destaque para a quantidade de pacientes diagnosticados em estágios avançados, sugerindo a necessidade do desenvolvimento de ações capazes de combater os fatores de risco e estratégias que permitam a detecção precoce dos tumores de cabeça e pescoço.
An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted through the collection of data from medical records with the purpose of tracing an epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer at a referral hospital in southern Santa Catarina in the period of January 2015 to December 2017. 161 medical records were analyzed, but 153 met the inclusion criteria and made up the final sample. These were classified into 3 groups: squamous carcinoma of the head and neck, nasopharyngeal tumors and tumors of the salivary glands. In the first group, the average age found was 58.82 years. There was a predominance of men (90.4%), white skin color (94.1%) and patients with incomplete primary education (79.4%). 57.4% were smokers and 28.7% were alcoholics. Most (68%) arrived at the service in advanced stages of the disease (stages III and IV). In nasopharyngeal cancers, the mean age was 57.88 years. Male gender predominated (87.5%) and only 12.5% had a history of smoking. 50% were squamous carcinoma and 50% undifferentiated. Of these, 87.5% were diagnosed in stage IV. Regarding cancers of the salivary glands, 62.67 years was the average age. No patient had a history of smoking. 62.5% of patients were diagnosed with stage IVa and the most frequent histological type was cystic adenoid. The results found are in accordance with the literature. Highlight for the number of patients diagnosed in advanced stages, suggesting the need to develop actions capable of combating risk factors and strategies that allow the early detection of head and neck tumors.
RESUMEN
Abstract Purpose: To assess the efficacy of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma in the treatment of bone failure of osteoporotic rabbits secondary to estrogenic deprivation and iatrogenic hypercortisolism. Methods: Eight female rabbits underwent ovarian resection and corticoid therapy to induce clinical status of osteoporosis. Four failures were produced in the tibiae, with each failure being treated with hemostatic sponge, allogenic mesenchymal stem cells, xenogenic platelet-rich plasma and the association between both. The animals were divided into two groups, evaluated radiographically and histopathologically at 30 and 60 days post treatment. Results: A radiographically confirmed consolidation of bone failures treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, associated with the histopathological image of mature and immature bone tissue, without evidence of osteopenia, was compared with the other groups, in which radiolucent failures with osteopenia and fibrosis were still present, denoting the satisfactory effect of the first treatment in detriment to the others. Conclusion: The treatment of bone failures of rabbits with secondary osteoporosis with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells induced greater bone consolidation with mature and immature bone tissue production (p<0.01), when compared to the other treatments.