Copaiba oil effect under different pathways in mice subjected to sepsis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil administered by different routes on survival of mices subjected to cecal ligation and puncture. METHODS: Thirty two mice were distributed into four study groups (N=8): Sham group: normal standard animals; Control group: submitted a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP); Gavage group: submitted a CLP, and treat with copaiba oil by gavage; and Subcutaneous group: submitted a CLP, and treat with copaiba oil by subcutaneous injection. After the death of the histological analysis were performed. The Kaplan-Meier curves of surviving time were realized. RESULTS: All animals that received copaiba, regardless of the route used, survived longer when compared to the control group (p<0.0001), whereas the survival time ranged from 20 hours for the control group up to 32 hours for the animals of gavage group and 52 for subcutaneous group. The animals that received gavage copaiba lived about and about 20 hours unless the subcutaneous group (p=0.0042). There was no statistical difference when compared the intensity of inflammatory response (p>0.05) CONCLUSION: Prophylactic subcutaneous administration of copaiba in mice subjected to severe sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture, resulted in a survival time higher than non-use or use of this oil by gavage. .

Grávidas tabagistas: uma realidade alarmante / Pregnant smokers: a alarming reality

Objetivo: determinar a prevalência e traçar o perfil epidemiológico das gestantes tabagistas atendidas na Unidade Materno Infantil do Marco, entre 01 de janeiro de 2008 e 30 de junho de 2009. Método: amostra de 372 prontuários de gestantes credenciadas no Programa de Pré Natal da Unidade do Marco, no período supracitado foi analisada por meio de um estudo estatístico, descritivo e retrospectivo. Resultados: 5,38% das gestantes apresentaram hábito tabagista durante a gravidez, sendo predominantemente pardas, estudantes, com ensino fundamental ou médio, encontravam-se em união estável, com renda familiar inferior ou igual a três salários mínimos, faixa etária entre 20 a 30 anos, com idade gestacional que varia de 11 a 15 semanas quando cadastradas no Programa de Pré Natal, primíparas, sem histórico de abortos e tendo fumado de 1 a 5 cigarros por dia. Conclusão: tais achados reforçam a necessidade de programar estratégias preventivas e promotoras de comportamentos mais saudáveis por parte das gestantes, reduzindo assim os efeitos maléficos deste hábito principalmente ao feto.

Objective: to determine the prevalence and the epidemiology of smoking pregnant women in the UnidadeMaterno-Infantil do Marco, between January of 2008 and June of 2009. Method: a sample of 372 medical records of accredited pregnant Programa de Pré Natal da Unidade Materno-Infantil do Marco during the stated period was analyzed using a descriptive, retrospective and observational statistical study . Results: 5.38 % of pregnant women were smoking habits during pregnancy, and they were predominantly mulatto , students with elementary or middle school , were in stable relationships with family income less than or equal to three times the minimum wage , age between 20 to 30 years , with gestational age ranging from 11 to 15 weeks while enrolled in the Program for Pre Christmas primigravid , primiparous women with no history of miscar-riages and having smoked 1-5 cigarettes in the day . Conclusion: these findings reinforce the need to plan preventive strategies and promoting healthier behavior by pregnant women, thus reducing the harmful effects of this habit mainly to the fetus .