RESUMEN
Hepatitis A is often asymptomatic in children, however it can become a serious disease in adults. For countries that do not have a universal vaccination strategy targeted vaccination for high risk groups is recommended. Health workers could be at a higher risk of infection with hepatitis A virus [HAV] compared to the general population. The aim of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis A among enrolled students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2011. This study included all students enrolled in Tehran University of Medical Sciences during 2011. We checked serum samples for anti-HAV antibody and participants completed a simple questionnaire. From 1864 health sciences students enrolled in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1813 samples were analyzed for anti-HAV IgG antibody. The results showed that 970 [53.5%] were seronegative, 722 [39.8%] were seropositive, and 121 [6.7%] were equivocal. There were significantly higher seropositive results for males [54%] compared to females [37%; RR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.31-1.62]. The seroprevalence of HAV among enrolled medical science students is considerably lower than previous reports from Iran. Targeted vaccination for health sciences students prior to exposure should be seriously considered
RESUMEN
Primary antibody deficiencies [PAD] are a group of immune system disorders, associated with decreased levels of secretory and protective immunoglobulins. Because of the important role of immunoglobulins in the protection of oral cavity, patients with PADs are more susceptible to dental caries or oral manifestations. This study was performed to investigate the oral and dental manifestations of PADs patients. In this study, 33 patients with PADs [21 common variable immunodeficiency, 8 X-linked agammaglobulinemia and 4 hyper IgM syndrome] and 66 controls were examined; the number of decayed, missed and filled teeth [DMFT] were investigated. Aphthous was the most frequent manifestation in PADs patients [38.7%], which was significantly 16.7% higher than the controls [p=0.03]. The patients with PADs showed significantly higher presentation of other oral and dental manifestations, including herpes sores, candidiasis tonsillitis, gingivitis, calculus, enamel hypoplasia and other ulcerations. The mean DMFT scores were 6.15 +/- 3.6 and 1.93 +/- 0.4 in PADs patients and controls, respectively [p<0.001]. Although the patients with common variable immunodeficiency had higher means of DMFT in comparison with other groups of PADs, this difference was not statistically significant. This study showed significantly higher frequency of oral and dental manifestations in the patients with PADs compared to controls. Therefore, regular examination of oral cavity could be suggested in this group of immunodeficient patients