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Background: Epidural anesthesia is the most commonly usedtechnique for inducing surgical anesthesia and postoperativeanalgesia in lower abdominal and limb surgeries.Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenergic agonistwhich has been used for premedication and as an adjunct togeneral anaesthesia. Hence; the present study was undertakenfor assessing the effects of dexmedetomidine used as anadjuvant in epidural post-operative analgesia.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 female patientsscheduled to undergo total abdominal hysterectomies wereenrolled for the study. Complete demographic and clinicalprofile of all the patients was obtained. Clinical examination ofall the patients was carried out and a 10 cm visual analog scale(VAS) (0, no pain and 10, worst pain imaginable) was used forassessing patient pain score. A combined spinal and epiduraltechnique was used for anesthesia and postoperativeanalgesia. Shifting of the patient to the recovery room wasdone after completion of the surgery. The first dose of epiduraldose was given when VAS score was equal to or more than 3.All patients received a total volume of 10 ml of levobupivacaine0.125% with dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg. All the results wereanalyzed by SPSS software.Results: Mean duration of surgery in the present study was98.5 minutes. Mean duration of analgesia was found to be389.4 minutes. Mean time for onset of analgesia was found tobe 6.95 minutes. In 12 cases, rescue analgesia was required.Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine might be used as an Adjuvantin Epidural Post-Operative Analgesia.
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Background: Women undergoing procedures or surgeriesrelated to infertility experience pain, which is often treated withopioid medication. Hence; the present study was undertakenfor assessing analgesic efficacy of the non- opioid analgesic inpatients following abdominal hysterectomy at a tertiary carecenter.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients scheduled toundergo abdominal hysterectomy were enrolled in the presentstudy. All the patients underwent abdominal hysterectomyunder the hands of skilled clinicians. All the patients weredivided broadly into three study groups: Group 1: Patients weregiven placebo Group 2: Patients were given metamizol 1 g,and Group 3: Patients were given paracetamol 1 g. The drugswere dissolved in 100 mL normal saline and given via IVinfusion over 15 minutes. Patients in the placebo groupreceived only 100 mL of normal saline. All the postoperativedata in all the patients was recorded. All the results wereanalyzed by SPSS software.Results: In the present study, a total of 30 patients wereanalyzed. Mean age of the patients of the study group 1, 2 and3 was 42.8 years, 40.1 years and 43.8 years respective. MeanBMI of the patients of the study group, 2 and 3 was 27, 25.9and 26.1 Kg/m2respectively. In the present study, whilecomparing the Frequency of Patient controlled analgesia bolusdemands among the four study groups, non-significant resultswere obtained.Conclusion: Both metamizol and paracetamol can be usedwith equal efficacy in patients following abdominalhysterectomy.
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Background: Analysis of skin diseases in the pediatric population and its trends reflects the health and nutritional status of a community. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of skin diseases in children registered at the Dermatology OPD department of Hemawati Nandan Bahuguna Teaching Base Hospital, Srikot over a period of 1 year.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional descriptive analysis was conducted at the Dermatology OPD department of HNB teaching hospital to determine the pattern of dermatoses in children aged 0 days to 17 years, between 1 April 2017 and 31 March 2018. Cases with incomplete data, non-compliant to treatment and patients whose primary lesions are altered by the application of topical medication, not related to the existing disease were excluded from the study. The results were entered and tabulated in MS-excel sheet and descriptive analysis was done.Results: Out of 23,359 outpatients 6,274 (26.85%) were of a pediatric age with a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The majority of the children belonged to young teens and teenagers (2377;37. 88%). Majority of pediatric dermatoses belonged to Infectious group (1373;21.88%) followed by Disorders of skin appendages (1087;17.33%) and Infestations (722;11.5%). The three most common diagnoses were Scabies (694;11.06%) followed by Fungal infections (568;10.43%) and Acne vulgaris (398;6. 34%).Conclusions: This study showed the current pattern of pediatric dermatoses in Garhwal region of Uttrakhand with a high frequency of infection and infestations with young teen and teenagers as the identified focus group for the need of intervention.
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The present study was planned to assess the correlation of pulmonary functions with body fat percentage in young individuals. A total of 132 (males-68, females-64) young students (18 to 21 years) with moderately sedentary lifestyle were recruited in this study. Their height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were measured. Pulmonary function tests (static and dynamic) were recorded on a computerized portable Schiller lung function unit SP-1. The percentage of body fat was estimated by measuring skin fold thickness at four sites (4SFT-biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac) with the help of Harpenden’s caliper. In males body fat % showed negative correlation with expiratory reserve volume (ERV), forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum ventilatory volume (MVV), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and forced expiratory volume at the end of first second (FEV1). It was observed that in females body fat % had negative correlation with ERV, FVC, and MVV. These results indicate that increase in percentage of body fat and central pattern of fat distribution may affect the pulmonary function t e s t s.