Burnout, Secondary Traumatic Stress, and Compassion Satisfaction of Military Officers Responding to COVID-19

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to identify individual and occupational factors influencing burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction in military officers who experienced supporting civilians in responding to COVID-19. @*Methods@#This descriptive study was conducted on 140 special forces’ military officers who experienced responding to disasters within 3 months. Data were collected through an online survey from September to November 2021. @*Results@#The mean scores for burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction were 21.67±6.03, 20.54±8.21, and 39.72±8.12 out of 50, respectively. The significant factors that influenced burnout and secondary traumatic stress were ‘higher passive stress copying styles’ (B=0.17, p<.001; B=0.31, p=<.001, respectively) and ‘lower social support (B=-0.11, p=.031; B=-0.10, p=.001, respectively). The compassion satisfaction was more significantly associated with ‘higher self-efficacy’ (B=0.37, p=<.001), ‘higher active stress copying styles’ (B=0.19, p=.006), and ‘education responding to disasters’ (B=2.04, p=.029). @*Conclusion@#The results suggest that the strategies to increase social support, self-efficacy, and active stress coping styles should be considered in developing educational programs for military officers responding to disasters to minimize burnout, secondary traumatic stress and to improve compassion satisfaction.

Educational needs of severe trauma treatment simulation based on mixed reality: Applying focus group interviews to military hospital nurses / 한국간호교육학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study is to identify the educational needs of a severe trauma treatment simulation program based on mixed reality which combines element of both virtual reality and augmented reality. @*Methods@#Focus group interviews were conducted with ten military hospital nurses on February 4 and 5, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis. As a framework for data analysis, the educational needs were clustered into the following four categories: teaching contents, teaching methods, teaching evaluation, and teaching environment. @*Results@#The educational needs for each category that emerged were as follows: three subcategories including “realistic education reflecting actual clinical practice” and “motivating education” for teaching contents; five subcategories including “team-based education,” “repeated education that acts as embodied learning,” and “stepwise education” for teaching methods; six subcategories including “debriefing through video conferences,” “team evaluation and evaluator in charge of the team,” “combination of knowledge and practice evaluation” for teaching evaluation; six subcategories including “securing safety,” “similar settings to real clinical environments,” “securing of convenience and accessibility for learners,” and “operating as continuing education” for teaching environment. @*Conclusion@#The findings of this study can provide a guide for the development and operation of a severe trauma treatment simulation program based on mixed reality. Moreover, it suggests that research to identify the educational needs of various learners should be conducted.