Vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the quiescence of activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) by regulating M2 macrophage exosomal smooth muscle cell-associated protein 5 (SMAP-5) / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

An effective therapeutic regimen for hepatic fibrosis requires a deep understanding of the pathogenesis mechanism. Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) with an excessive production of extracellular matrix. Although promoted activation of HSCs by M2 macrophages has been demonstrated, the molecular mechanism involved remains ambiguous. Herein, we propose that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) involved in macrophage polarization may regulate the communication between macrophages and HSCs by changing the functions of exosomes. We confirm that activating the VDR can inhibit the effect of M2 macrophages on HSC activation. The exosomes derived from M2 macrophages can promote HSC activation, while stimulating VDR alters the protein profiles and reverses their roles in M2 macrophage exosomes. Smooth muscle cell-associated protein 5 (SMAP-5) was found to be the key effector protein in promoting HSC activation by regulating autophagy flux. Building on these results, we show that a combined treatment of a VDR agonist and a macrophage-targeted exosomal secretion inhibitor achieves an excellent anti-hepatic fibrosis effect. In this study, we aim to elucidate the association between VDR and macrophages in HSC activation. The results contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis mechanism of hepatic fibrosis, and provide potential therapeutic targets for its treatment.

Role of Wnt signaling during cardiac development / 军事医学

Understanding heart development at a molecular level is a prerequisite for uncovering the causes of congenital heart diseases .Such knowledge can also greatly benefit therapeutic approaches that try to enhance cardiac regeneration or that involve the differentiation of resident cardiac progenitor cells .Wnt proteins have been shown to play multiple roles dur-ing cardiac development .They are extracellular growth factors that activate different intracellular signaling branches .Here, we summarize our current understanding of how these factors affect different aspects of cardiogenesis , from early specifica-tion of cardiac progenitors to later developmental steps , such as remodeling processes .

meta-analysis on rituximab combined chop chemotherapy for non-hodgkin lymphoma in China

To evaluate the curative effect of Rituximab combined CHOP chemotherapy in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in China. We conducted this study in the Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China between June and December 2010. We used the systematic review method of The Cochrane Collaboration to collect randomized controlled trials [RCTs] of Rituximab combined CHOP chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma by computer databases during the period 2004-2009. Seven trials involving 357 patients were retrieved. The complete remission rate of Rituximab combined CHOP chemotherapy was higher than that of CHOP chemotherapy alone [odds ratio=3.02, 95% confidence interval: 1.94-4.72, p<0.00001]. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated by Rituximab combined CHOP chemotherapy can produce a positive therapeutic effect in China