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Risk of birth injuries and long bone fractures are common in vaginal breech deliveries but have also occurred in the cesarean section. Here, we report the case of a term neonate who was admitted with swelling and paucity of movement of the right arm with a history of energetic traction during the emergency cesarean section. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiography and managed by plaster of paris slab. Obstetrician and pediatrician should remain vigilant regarding such rare complications so that these cases are not overlooked, as timely intervention and management are necessary to prevent disability and deformities in the future.
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Cardiotoxicity is the most serious side effect of anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin or epirubicin). The incidence of anthracycline induced late cardiac toxicity (AIC) that is overt clinically is 3–5% in the Indian population. Polymorphism in intron 32 (deletion of 25 bp) of MYBPC3 has been shown to be present exclusively in Asians and more so in South India (3–8%). The frequency of the polymorphism is significantly higher (13%) in patients with cardiomyopathy in India. Fifteen patients were identified to have cardiac dysfunction following treatment for malignant lymphoma with doxorubicin containing regimens. Peripheral blood DNA from control, amplified by polymerase chain reaction yielded a 467 bp fragment while in the presence of the 25 bp deletion only a 442 bp fragment was detected. To confirm the presence or absence of the polymorphism, amplified DNA was restricted using Bgl1 in all samples. Bgl1 restricted amplified DNA only if the 25 bp deletion was absent. A 467 base pair band was observed in all the 15 samples, which suggested the absence of polymorphism in MYBPC3. In a sample of DNA from a patient with a deletion in exon 33 (confirmed by sequencing) a 442 bp fragment was detected. Amplified DNA from this patient was not restricted with Bgl1. Wild type MYBPC3 when amplified gave a distinct restriction banding pattern consisting of two bands of 401 bp and 66 bp. Amplified DNA from all peripheral blood samples restricted with Bgl1 suggesting the absence of the polymorphism. In this preliminary report, MYBPC3 does not seem to play a role in anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity.
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Aims Difficulties in diagnosis of phyllodes tumour are well known. Our aim was to observe whether the expressions of satb1, survivin, and ki-67 were helpful in differentiating fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumour. Settings and design Retrospective. Methods and material Paraffin embedded tissue samples from 60 female patients with phyllodes tumour and 60 female patients with fibroadenoma were studied. Expression of the gene products was studied and confirmed using immunohisto chemical and western blot analysis. Statistical analysis used The statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test to find out the significant changes. Results Statistically significant difference was observed in Satb1, survivin expression between fibroadenoma and benign phyllodes cases. The difference between the Ki-67 expression in fibroadenoma and benign phyllodes cases was not statistically significant. Conclusions Our finding of strong stromal expression of satb1 and survivin in phyllodes as compared to fibroadenoma can be helpful for the development of additional diagnostic and prognostic indicators for otherwise difficult cases. Such immunochemical markers can be used to elucidate cellular basis of tumour behaviour. Validation of such immunochemical test in future will reduce diagnostic uncertainty in this rare tumour. In addition to that such parameters may serve as a therapeutic target that could increase effectiveness of chemotherapy or radiation therapy. A study with large number of samples along with clinical and follow-up data is required for confirmation.
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With the advent in the technology, accurate examination techniques, especially for delicate structures in the oral and maxillofacial regions are required over conventional x-rays, which are mere 2D (2-dimensional) representations of the 3D (3-dimensional) oral structures. Hence, a radiographic tool with a 3D presentation like that of CBCT (Cone beam computed tomography) technology is preferred in pre- and post-treatment assessment of periodontal defects & implant placements.CBCT technology has been used for almost 2 decades, but was previously more expensive to be used in routine dental practice. Recent developments in this field have made its use more practical in routine dentistry.This literature review, emphasizes the invent, development, working, uses, benefits & limitations of dentascan when used in Periodontics.
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In the last two decades, exciting new developments in dental materials and computer technology have led to the success of dental computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology. CAD/CAM is proving to be a valuable image enhancer, production booster and profit generator. Highly sophisticated chair side and laboratory CAD/CAM systems have been introduced. This article provides an overview of various CAD/CAM systems.