RESUMEN
In order to make urban-rural comparison of the prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection in China, a twin survey was conducted in 1996 on two groups (50 subjects each) of 21-55 year-old, apparently healthy women for infection markers and serum enzyme levels; one group (the urban group) was in Jinan, the provincial capital of Shandong Province, and the other (the rural group) was in a farming village in Zhangqiu area some 30 km away from Jinan City. Comparison between the two groups showed that there was no significant (p > 0.10) difference in the prevalence of HBsAg+, anti-HBs+, anti-HBc+ and the cases positive to any of three HBV infection markers (i.e. HBV+). No age-dependent difference was detected within or between the groups. Thus the overall positivity rate was 8% for HBsAg+, 47% for anti-HBs+, 48% for anti-HBc+, and 64% for HBV+. No anti-HCV+ case was found either in the urban group or in the rural group. Liver function remained normal in all cases studied. The results together with perusal of published data suggest the urban-rural difference will not be remarkable, if present, in HBV and HCV infection in the regions studied, and possibly in China as a whole.