Advances in relationship between pyroptosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension and therapeutic drugs / 中国药理学通报

Pyroptosis is the programmed death of cells accompanied by an inflammatory response and is widely involved in the development of a variety of diseases, such as infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegeneration. It has been shown that cellular scorching is involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH) in cardiovascular diseases. Patients with PAH have perivascular inflammatory infiltrates in lungs, pulmonary vasculopathy exists in an extremely inflam-matory microenvironment, and pro-inflammatory factors in cellular scorching drive pulmonary vascular remodelling in PAH patients. This article reviews the role of cellular scorch in the pathogenesis of PAH and the related research on drugs for the treatment of PAH, with the aim of providing new ideas for clinical treatment of PAH.

Advances in neuroprotective effects of dihydromyricetin / 中国药理学通报

Dihydromyricetin is a dihydroflavone compound which widely exists in ampelopsis of grapevine family. It has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-tumor, antioxidant, regulating blood glucose, reducing blood lipid, liver protection and so on. In recent years, it has been found that dihydromyricetin has a good neuroprotective effect and can play a certain pharmacological role in a variety of neurological diseases, including Alzheimer' s disease, depression, Parkinson's disease and stroke. The purpose of this paper is to review the research on the neuroprotective effect of dihydromyricetin in the past decade.

Review of research progress on neurotransmitter function and depression / 中国药理学通报

Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders with high prevalence, disability and relapse rates, and its etiology and pathogenesis are complex and still not fully understood. Neurotransmitters play a key role in maintaining chemical homeostasis in brain, and many studies have shown a strong link between neurotransmitters and the development and treatment of depression in recent years. Therefore, studying the neurotransmitters associated with depression has the potential to provide research targets and ideas for the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of depression. This paper reviews the recent domestic and foreign research results on neurotransmitter function and the pathogenesis of depression, aiming to analyze the in-depth relationship between neurotransmitter function and the pathogenesis of depression, and provide research ideas for the follow-up ex-ploration of the pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment strategies of depression.

Progress on the neuroprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 / 药学学报

Ginsenoside Rg1 is one of the most important saponins in ginseng. It has a wide range of pharmacological activities. It is considered to be a powerful neuroprotective agent. It has neuroprotective effects such as anti-neuroinflammation, anti-oxidative stress, anti-neuronal apoptosis, and enhancing memory. Rg1 shows a good application prospect in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and mental diseases such as depression. This paper reviews the research on the neuroprotective mechanism of Rg1 at home and abroad in recent years, in order to provide new research ideas for the clinical treatment of nervous system diseases.

Screening crucial lncRNAs and genes in osteoarthritis by integrated analysis

Abstract Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most frequent chronic diseases with high morbidity worldwide, marked by degradation of the cartilage and bone, joint instability, stiffness, joint space stenosis and subchondral sclerosis. Due to the elusive mechanism of osteoarthritis (OA), we aimed to identify potential markers for OA and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying OA. Methods Expression profiles data of OA were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in OA. Functional annotation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were performed. Then, nearby DEmRNAs of DElncRNAs was obtained. Moreover, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of nearby DEmRNAs of DElncRNAs was performed. Finally, expression validation of selected mRNAs and lncRNAs was performed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results In total, 2080 DEmRNAs and 664 DElncRNAs were determined in OA. PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Endocytosis and Rap1 signaling pathway were significantly enriched KEGG pathways in OA. YWHAB, HSPA8, NEDD4L and SH3KBP1 were four hub proteins in PPI network. The AC093484.4/TRPV2 interact pair may be involved in the occurrence and development of OA. Conclusion Our study identified several DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs associated with OA. The molecular characters could provide more information for further study on OA.

Advances in antiviral research of adaptor-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1) inhibitors / 药学学报

As one of the major sources of infection, viruses could infect all organisms including bacteria, plants, animals, and humans. Infectious diseases caused by viruses pose a great threat and damage to human health and economic activities all over the world. Adaptor-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1) is a member of the Ark1/Prk1 family of serine/threonine kinases and a specific key kinase regulating the phosphorylation of AP-2 protein μ2 subunit T156. In the past, AAK1 has been regarded as a feasible biological target for the treatment of nerve pain. Recently, scientists have found that inhibiting AAK1 can regulate endocytosis and inhibit virus invasion into cells. Therefore, AAK1 could be the potential target of anti-virus therapy. This paper reviews the research progress of small molecule AAK1 inhibitors in the field of antiviral, analyzes the future research directions and challenges, and provides new ideas for the development of antiviral drugs targeting AAK1.

Research on efficacy-toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F.In treatment of lupus nephritis based on network pharmacology / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the efficacy-toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.in intervention of lupus nephritis by the method of network pharmacology.Methods Firstly, the active components were searched and the action targets of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.were predicted through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP).Secondly, the target genes of LN were collected through CoolGeN, OMIM and Gene Cards databases.And then, it was mapped to Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.targets and the drug component-disease target interaction network was constructed with Cytoscape software, and STRING database was used to analyze the protein interaction network.Finally, the common targets were analyzed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis using DAVID database to explore the potential mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.in the treatment of LN.Results A total of 52 active components of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.and 38 targets for the treatment of LN were screened.Most of the components had potential therapeutic effects on LN, but the effects of triptolide, tripterine, kaempferol and β-sitosterol may not be conducive to the improvement of LN.The results of KEGG analysis showed that efficacy-toxicity mainly involved NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signal pathway and so on.Conclusions Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.plays the efficacy-toxicity effect on LN by regulating immune inflammation, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and its overall intervention effect needs further experimental study.

Advance in Home-based Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Home-based rehabilitation can effectively reduce the clinical complications of patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of neurological function, as well as reduce the heavy economic burden on healthcare system. Home-based rehabilitation has shown effectiveness in multiple studies. Neurofeedback could relieve the neuropathic pain of 40% home patients with spinal cord injury. Wearable technology could monitor and promote the recovery of hand motor function. Household portable stimulators and surface electrodes could inhibit unnecessary bladder activity and improve urinary incontinence. Strengthening stretching training at home could reduce shoulder pain in patients with chronic spinal cord injury. Using functional electrical stimulation at home could improve the muscle function of patients with spinal cord injury due to loss of neurotrophic muscle atrophy. There are still some disadvantages of home-based rehabilitation, such as complicated operation, expensiveness and not convenient to carry for training equipment, which need to be further developed.

Comprehensive treatment for multicentric giant cell tumors of the pelvis and spine using apatinib: A case report and literature review

Background: There are no standardized treatments for giant cell tumors of the bone (GCTB) in rare locations such as the spine and pelvis or for those that are inoperable and recurrent, let alone for multicentric GCTB. This study reports a novel case of multicentric GCTB treated with a promising antiangiogenic drug, apatinib, a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The efficacy of apatinib in the treatment of GCTB has not been reported previously. Patients and Methods: A 27-year-old female presented with two giant cell tumors of the spine and sacrum–ilium diagnosed on December 15, 2016. Surgery and selective arterial embolization (SAE) were not reasonable options for this patient, and denosumab was unavailable; therefore, the antiangiogenic drug apatinib and the osteoclast inhibitor zoledronic acid were administered. Apatinib was initially administered at a dose of 850 mg daily, which was decreased to 425 mg daily after 7 months, and then increased again to 635 mg after 11 months. The patient was prescribed a maintenance dose of 500 mg daily after 16 months. The patient reported side effects of Grades I–III nausea, vomiting, and Grades II–III hand–foot syndrome. The patient underwent SAE at 26 months, and at that time, she was switched to denosumab instead of zoledronic acid. Results: The patient showed noticeable symptomatic improvement and visibly reduced tumor size after the first month of treatment. Computed tomography in the 4th month identified a partial response based on the RECIST criteria. The patient has achieved an objective reduction in tumor size at 32 months. Conclusions: Comprehensive treatment including apatinib represents a potential new treatment strategy for inoperable GCTB, with tolerable side effects. However, further clinical trials are now necessary to confirm an effective dose and determine the efficacy and safety of apatinib in the treatment of GCTB

MicroRNA-4290 suppresses PDK1-mediated glycolysis to enhance the sensitivity of gastric cancer cell to cisplatin

The development of chemotherapy resistance significantly impairs the efficiency of chemotherapy, but the underlying mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer (GC) are complicated and still need to be further explored. Here, we aimed to reveal the effects of miR-4290/PDK1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1) axis on chemotherapy resistance of GC in vitro. The expression patterns of miR-4290 in GC tissues and cell lines were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Kaplan-Meier was used to assess the relationship between miR-4290 expression levels and patients' overall survival. CCK-8 and flow cytometry technologies were applied to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis. The luciferase gene reporter assay was used to evaluate the interaction between miR-4290 and PDK1. miR-4290 was lowly expressed in GC tissues and cell lines, which was closely associated with the shorter overall survival of GC patients. miR-4290 mimics significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis, as well as induced a significant reduction in the expression of PDK1. Moreover, miR-4290 significantly inhibited glycolysis and decreased the IC50 value to cisplatin in SGC7901 cells, whereas these effects were abolished and cell apoptosis was promoted when PDK1 was overexpressed. In conclusion, this study revealed that miR-4290 suppressed PDK1-mediated glycolysis to enhance the sensitivity of GC cells to cisplatin.

The research progress on the mechanism of adenosine A1 receptor-mediated calcitonin gene-related peptide to relieve migraine

Currently, the pathogenesis of migraine is unclear. The trigeminal vascular reflex theory is the dominant pathogenesis theory, and its core parts are neurogenic inflammation and pain sensitisation. Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) is the most powerful vasodilating peptide in brain circulation. It is also a marker of trigeminal nerve microvascular activation that plays a synergistic role in the pathogenesis of migraine. Adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) can inhibit the release of CGRP in the trigeminal nerve vascular system to alleviate migraine by mediating adenosine. This review summarises the progress of research on the alleviation of migraine by using A1R-mediated CGRP.

Expression of IQGAP1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its effect on malignant biologic behaviors of TE-2 cells / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@# Objective: To explore the expression of IQGAP1 (Ras GTPase-activating-like protein containing IQ domain) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and cell lines and its effect on the proliferation and invasion of TE-2 cell. Methods: Totally 125 pairs of cancer tissues and para-cancerous tissues from ESCC patients, who underwent surgical resection inAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2015 to December 2016, were included in this study; in addition, ESCC cell lines (TE-2, TE3, ECA109) and normal esophageal epithelial cell line Het-1A were also collected. The expression of IQGAP1 was detected by immunohistochemical staining and its relationship with cliniopathological features was also analyzed. IQGAP1 mRNA and protein expressions in ESCC cell lines were detected by Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting, respectively. TE-2 cells were transfected with si-IQGAP1 (positive transfection group) and si-CTRL (negative control group) plasmids, and the effects of IQGAP1 silencing on the proliferation and invasion of TE-2 cells were detected by MTT and Transwell assay. The expressions of E-cadherin and Ncadherin were detected by Western blotting. Results: The positive expression rate of IQGAP1 in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues (P<0.05), which was closely related to tumor stage and histologic grade (all P<0.05). The mRNAand protein expressions of IQGAP1 in TE-2, TE-3 and ECA109 cells were significantly higher than those in Het-1Acells (all P<0.05).After IQGAP1 was silenced, compared with the negative control group and the blank group, the expression of IQGAP1 mRNAand protein in the positive transfection group significantly decreased (all P<0.05); the proliferation and invasiveness of TE-2 cells significantly decreased (all P<0.05); E-cardherin was up-regulated while N-cardherin was down-regulated (all P<0.05) in the positive interference group. Conclusion: IQGAP1 is highly expressed in ESCC tissues, and si-IQGAP1 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of TE-2 cells, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ESCC.

Efficacy of -needle radiofrequency for knee osteoarthritis guided by meridians-muscles theory / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy difference between -needle radiofrequency guided by meridians-muscles theory and oral administration of medication for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).@*METHODS@#One hundred patients with KOA were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, 50 cases in each one. The patients in the acupuncture group were treated with -needle radiofrequency guided by meridians-muscles theory at tendon nodes around knee joints ( points), 4 points per treatment, once every two weeks and two treatments were given. The patients in the medication group were treated with oral administration of celecoxib capsules, 1 capsule every day for 4 weeks. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) in the two groups were observed before treatment, after treatment and during 4-week follow-up visit. The clinical efficacy was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the VAS was reduced in the two groups after treatment and during 4-week follow-up visit (all <0.05), and the VAS score in the acupuncture group was lower than that in the medication group (both <0.05). Compared before treatment, the pain score, stiffness score, activity function score and total score of WOMAC were reduced in the two groups after treatment and during 4-week follow-up visit (all <0.05), and the scores in the acupuncture group were lower than those in the medication group (all <0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate was 80.0% (40/50) in the acupuncture group, which was superior to 56.0% (28/50) in the medication group (<0.05). During 4-week follow-up visit, the total effective rate was 76.0% (38/50) in the acupuncture group, which was superior to 40.0% (20/50) in the medication group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The efficacy of -needle radiofrequency guided by meridians-muscles theory is superior to oral administration of celecoxib capsules for KOA, which could relieve joint pain and stiffness, improve joint mobility, and has long effective duration.

Evaluation of maxillary three-dimensional changes in maxillary protraction with alternating rapid palatal expansion and constriction based on the cone-beam computed tomography / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To use the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the three-dimensional (3D) changes of maxillary landmarks in the maxillary protraction with alternating rapid palatal expansion and constriction and with rapid palatal expansion, and to provide some clinical suggestions for the early treatment of Class III malocclusion.@*METHODS@#A total of 36 maxillary retrusive patients were included and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group (alternating rapid palatal expansion and constriction group, RPE/C) or the control group (rapid palatal expansion group, RPE). Randomization was accomplished with permuted block randomization based on participation sequence. The patients in the RPE/C were treated for 10 weeks (0.5 mm/d) with the repetition of two-week palatal expansion and two-week palatal constriction. The patients in the RPE were taught to complete rapid palatal expansion for 2 weeks (0.5 mm/d ). The patients were instructed to come to the office for the follow-up to ensure the correct procedures. Damaged expanders were repaired (or replaced) and rebanded quickly. Sequential CBCT images including pretreatment (T1), post-expansion (T2) and post-protraction (T3) were required for 3D reconstruction, establishment of landmarks, measurement and analysis by Mimics 10.01.@*RESULTS@#There was significant forward movement of subspinale (A) in the RPE/C after the treatment with (3.06±1.29) mm, compared with RPE (2.16±1.27) mm, P<0.05. There were more symmetrical changes of the landmarks in the RPE/C and there was no statistic significance of the entire treatment time between the two groups. Moreover, the maxillary skeletal landmarks had the following 3D changes of a forward and downward movement during the expansion stages T2-T1, a forward and upward movement during the protraction stages T3-T2 and a forward and downward movement during the total treatments T3-T1 compared with the control group. And the width between the bilateral landmarks increased during the expansion stages T2-T1, narrowed down during the protraction stages T3-T2 and increased during the total treatments T3-T1.@*CONCLUSION@#The maxillary protraction with alternating rapid palatal expansion and constriction provided clinical benefits on maxillary advancement and symmetrical changes in the orthopedic treatment of the patients with maxillary retrognathism and it required further study on the orthodontic analysis and measurements of CBCT.

Relationship between HLA Gene Polymorphism and Aplastic Anemia in Northern Chinese Han Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 gene polymorphism and aplastic anemia （AA）of 65 cases in Northern China.@*METHODS@#The high resolution genotyping of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 alleles in 65 AA patients and 772 healthy controls was performed with polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO), the relationship between HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 gene polymorphism and aplastic anemia was analyzed by Pearson Chi-square，Continuity Correction， Two-sided Fisher's Exact Test and Odds Ratio.@*RESULTS@#The HLA-B*1302（10% vs 4.21%）, B*3501（7.69% vs 3.89%）, DRB1* 0701（10% vs 4.73%）, DRB1*0901（19.23% vs 7.58%）, DQB1*0202（9.23% vs 3.76%） gene frequency in AA patients was higher than those in health controls, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the χ were 9.049, 4.336, 6.838, 20.974 and 8.968, OR ratio was 2.528, 2.061, 2.239, 2.904 and 2.605. However, the HLA-A*3303（1.54% vs 6.93%）, DQB1*0302（1.54% vs 6.02%） gene frequency in AA patients was lower than those in healthy controls, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the χ was 5.726 and 4.505, the OR ratio were 0.210 and 0.244.@*CONCLUSION@#The polymorphism of HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, -DQB1 alleles is associate with AA in these patient cases, the HLA-B*1302, HLA-B*3501, HLA-DRB1*0701, HLA-DRB1*0901 and HLA-DQB1*0202 may be sensitive genes to AA, while the HLA-A*3303 and HLA-DQB1*0302 may be protective genes on AA.

Effects of Shuwei Decoction on the expressions of Beclin-1, mTOR, Cx43 Protein and mRNA in gastrointestinal smooth muscle of rats with functional dyspepsia due to liver depression and spleen deficiency / 中成药

AIM To investigate the therapeutic action and mechanism of Shuwei Decoction (Bupleuri Radix,Cyperi Rhizoma,Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma,etc.) on functional dyspepsia (FD) from the perspectives of autophagy and intercellular gap junction pathway through its impact on the expressions of Beclin-1,mTOR,Cx43 protein and mRNA in gastric antrum pyloric smooth muscle cells of FD model rats.METHODS Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into control (blank) group,model group,mosapride group (1.37 mg/kg),low,medium and high dose Shuwei Decoction groups (7.67 g/kg,15.34 g/kg,30.68 g/kg,respectively).FD model rats were prepared according to compound etiological modeling method for 21 days.On the first day after modeling,the rats in each group were given the corresponding medicine for intragastric administration once a day for 14 days.Two hours after the last administration,we procured gastric antrum and pyloric tissues from the sacrificed rats.The expressions of Beclin-1,mTOR and Cx43 protein were detected by Western blot,and so were the expressions of Beclin-1,mTOR and Cx43 mRNA by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR).RESULTS We observed decreased expression of Beclin-1 protein in low,medium and high dose Shuwei Decoction groups (P ＜ 0.01),and an increased expression of Cx43 protein in high dose Shuwei Decoction group (P ＜ 0.05).In medium and high dose Shuwei Decoction groups,decreased expression of Beclin-1 mRNA (P ＜ 0.01),and increased expression of mTOR and Cx43 mRNA (P ＜ 0.01) were detected as well.CONCLUSION Shuwei Decoction can improve FD by suppressing cell autophagy and enhancing the function of gap junction through up-regulating the expression of mTOR mRNA and Cx43 protein and mRNA,and down-regulating the expression of Beclin-1 protein and mRNA.

Mechanism of ferroptosis and its role in neurological diseases / 中国药理学通报

Ferroptosis is distinct from apoptosis,autophagy,necrosis,cornification and other cell deaths from morphological,biochemical as well as genetic aspects.Ferroptosis plays a critical role in neurological diseases and cancers.Neurological diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,stroke,periventricular leukomalacia and so on,are characterized by multiple etiologies and mechanisms,and are potentially correlated with ferroptosis.Based on the recent researches on ferroptosis and neurological diseases,this review investigates ferroptosis and its role in neurological diseases.

Comparative study of elderly-onset versus young-onset rheumatoid arthritis: clinical features and treatment / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To compare the clinical features and treatment between elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis(EORA)and young onset rheumatoid arthritis(YORA).Methods The EORA patients (n=60)and the YORA patients (n =90)were compared regarding sex ratio,activity of pathogenetic condition,disease severity,extra-articular manifestations,complications,laboratory indexes,and therapeutic schedules.Results The female/male ratio was 36/24(1.50 ∶ 1.0)in group EORA,and 69/21(3.3 ∶ 1.0)in group YORA,with higher female/male ratio in in group YORA.The frequency of morning stiffness,proximal interphalangeal joint involvement and metacarpophalangeal joint involvement were lower in group EORA(53.3 ％,46.676％ and 61.67 ％) than in group YORA (72.2 ％,77.8 ％,81.11％) (x2 =5.521,15.385,6.960,P =0.018,0.000,0.008 respectively).Large joints involvement at onset of rheumatoid arthritis was higher in group EORA(38.33 ％)than in group YORA(18.89 ％)(x2=6.960,P=0.008).The joint swollen and tender counts were comparatively less (16.51 ± 7.34) and (15.92 ± 8.44) in group EORA than in group YORA(22.46 ± 7.58) and (23.8 ± 8.93) (t =5.080、5.740,all P =0.000) respectively.The accumulated disease activity score(DAS28)was higher in group EORA(5.86± 1.57)than in YORA(4.92± 1.64) (t=3.360,P =0.001).HAQ score was lower in group EORA(0.83 ± 0.85)than in group YORA (1.16±0.91) (t=2.43,P =0.02).Comorbid conditions such as osteoarthritis,osteoporosis,cardiovascular disease and chronic renal insufficiency were more frequent in group EORA (51.7 ％,31.7 ％,18.3 ％ and 15.00％)than in group YORA(27.8％,15.6％,5.6％ and 4.4％)(x2 =11.722,5.445,6.168,5.067,P=0.001,0.020,0.013,0.024).The positive rate of RF were more higher in YORA(70.00％)than in group EORA (48.33％)(x2 =7.126 P=0.008).The synthetic or biologic traditional DMARDs (disease modifying antirheumatic drugs)were widely used in group YORA(78.9％ and 31.1％)than in group EORA(40.0％ and 10.0％)(x2 =14.940,9.153,P =0.000,0.002).The more frequently used program with glucocorticoids hormonal therapy was received in group EORA(38.3 ％)than in group YORA(20.00 ％)(x2 =6.092 P=0.014) Conclusions EORA patients differs from YORA patients in many of ways,including a more balanced gender distribution,atypical presentation at onset of disease,more frequent involvement of large joints,seronegativity in a higher percentage,and less frequent positivity of anti CCP-antibody,which makes diagnosis more difficult in the earlier period.Therapy of EORA with DMARDs should be instituted based on disease activity,if there is no contraindication.

Study on the correlation between carotid artery lesion and fundus arteriosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the correlation between carotid artery disease and fundus arteriosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction.METHODS:Totally 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into two groups.The patients were diagnosed with bilateral carotid artery and non-mydriatic fundus camera.Fouty-two patients transient ischaemic attack (TIA) underwent cerebral angiography.The data were recorded for analysis.RESULTS:The degree of fundus arteriosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction was positively correlated with blood pressure (r=0.361,P=0.015).There was a significant correlation between retinal arteriosclerosis grade and carotid atherosclerosis (r=0.392,P =0.011).The degree of fundus arteriosclerosis was correlated with cerebral arteriolar lesion,higher than it with carotid artery disease (r=0.465,0.392,P=0.037).CONCLUSION:Carotid arteriosclerosis,fundus arteriosclerosis and cerebral arteriolar lesions in patients with cerebral infarction have a significant correlation with hypertension,and fundus arterial examination has important clinical value in judging cerebral arteriosclerosis.