RESUMEN
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus is a common reason for liver disease and it is the common signal for the transplantation of liver in the area of the US, Australia and in European countries. The disease included 3 percent of the total global population caused by the HCV. HCV virus, a common infection caused by blood-borne mostly seen in the US which includes 40% of chronic liver disease. Wide-reaching approx. 171 million of peoples they are infected from chronic Hepatitis C virus and some of those who are chronically infected will form cirrhosis or liver cancer, hepatic failure or hepatocellular carcinoma which leads to thousands of death every year. Despite the study of HCV for the past 15 years, our knowledge towards the infection caused by HCV has been partial by our inability to grow the virus in cell culture. There are some antiviral medicines that can cure some of the HCV infections and it will reduce the effect of death from cancer and cirrhosis but identification and treatment of Hepatitis C infection are very less. The HCV infection rate is relatively high with replication range between 1010 to 1012 virions, and a half-life of 2-4 hours. The HCV RNA mutates rapidly because of the lack of error proofreading by viral RNA polymerase. And these increases in genotype mutation and their subtypes make the research to develop HCV vaccine a challenge. As the technology is growing so vast and computational biology are one of the technology that are changing the way and methods to understand the viruses, mostly in the field of genome sequencing, epigenetics, evolution, and transcriptomic analysis, whereas NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) provides a great platform for the researcher to get better quality and quantity in various fields. Now to get the entire genomic variation data it has been now possible for laboratory-based experiments and to investigate genetic variation and its structure, computation based mechanism and analysis of data on genomic level comes with complexity.
RESUMEN
Herpes zoster (HZ) is a viral disease that clinically presents as a painful vesicular rash restricted to the distribution of a sensory nerve, unilaterally. It usually results from the reactivation of the DNA virus varicella zoster, which causes chicken pox. The condition is characterized by the occurrence of multiple, painful vesicles, and ulceration which shows a typical unilateral distribution. This case series of HZ infections is an attempt to present different clinical presentations of the disease, showing both the facial and oral manifestations, which are successfully managed by the appropriate medical management.
RESUMEN
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring, lipid soluble, essential compound and is also known as ubiquinone. CoQ10 acts as an intermediate of the electron transport chain situated in membrane of mitochondria and vital for ATP production and cellular respiration. CoQ10 also serves as an intercellular antioxidant. All the clinical use of CoQ10 are based upon these two functions. CoQ10 levels are altered in a number of oncological as well as non-oncological diseases. Furthermore, recent data indicate that CoQ10 has an impact on the expression of many genes involved in metabolism, cellular transport, transcription control, and cell signaling, making CoQ10 a potent gene regulator. CoQ10 supplementation is useful in diseases associated with CoQ10 deficiency which includes primary and secondary CoQ10 deficiencies, fibromyalgia, diabetes mellitus, mitochondrial diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, male infertility and periodontal disease. Clinical presentations of severe CoQ10 deficiency include severe infantile multisystemic disease, encephalomyopathy, isolated myopathy cerebellar ataxia and Leigh syndrome with growth retardation. Oral CoQ10 administration can correct CoQ10 deficiency since it increases CoQ10 tissue levels. CoQ10 therapy has no serious side effects in humans and new formulations have been developed that increase CoQ10 absorption and tissue distribution. Future trends involving CoQ10 in many diseases needs more clinical trials for better understanding of CoQ10 efficacy.