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Abstract Objectives This study aimed to assess the prevalence of oral lesions in patients living with HIV infection and their association with CD4 count, viral load, and antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 161 patients attending the… All the patients were examined for their oral lesions, current CD4 counts, type, and duration of the therapy. Data analyses were carried out using Chi-Square, Student T/Mann-Whitney, and logistic regression tests. Results Oral lesions were observed in 58.39% of patients with HIV. Periodontal disease with 78 (48.45%) or without mobility 79 (49.07%) was observed more frequently, followed by hyperpigmentation of oral mucosa 23 (14.29%), Linear Gingival Erythema (LGE) 15 (9.32%), candidiasis pseudomembranous 14 (8.70%). Oral Hairy Leukoplakia (OHL) was observed only in 3 (1.86%). A relationship between periodontal disease with dental mobility and smoking was found (p = 0.04), as well duration of treatment (p = 1.53e-3) and age (p = 0.02). Hyperpigmentation was related to race (p = 0.01) and smoking (p = 1.30e-6). CD4 count, CD4:CD8 ratio, viral load, or type of treatment were not associated with oral lesions. Logistic regression showed that the duration of treatment has a protective effect on the periodontal disease with dental mobility (OR = 0.28 [−2.27 to −0.25]; p-value = 0.03), independent of age or smoking. To hyperpigmentation, the best model included smoking (OR = 8.47 [1.18-3.10], p = 1.31e-5), without race or type and duration of treatment. Conclusion Among HIV patients undergoing antiretroviral treatment, oral lesions can be observed, predominantly periodontal disease. Pseudomembranous candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia were also observed. No relationship was found between associated oral manifestations in HIV patients and the start of the treatment, TCD4+ and TCD8+ cell count, TCD4:TCD8 ratio, or viral load. The data indicate that there is a protective effect of duration of treatment with relation to periodontal disease with mobility and that hyperpigmentation seems to be more related to smoking than type and duration of treatment. Level of evidence Level 3 (OCEBM Levels of Evidence Working Group*. "The Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence").
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Objetivo: Avaliar a internação hospitalar por câncer de boca e faringe no Brasil no período de 2008 a 2017. Métodos: Estudo das internações por estas neoplasias registradas no Sistema de Informação Hospitalar disponíveis no DATASUS/MS entre 2008 e 2017. Resultados: Foram registradas 263.556 mil internações por câncer de boca e faringe. O Sudeste apresentou a maior frequência de casos (44,3%). A maior taxa de internação ocorreu no Sul (19,6/100 mil habitantes). As maiores taxas de letalidade encontradas foram no Norte (12,7%) e Sudeste (12,3%). Houve um predomínio de internações em regime privado (53,5%) e em caráter de urgência no Brasil (53,5%). A média de permanência hospitalar foi de 6,4 dias. A taxa de letalidade em caráter de urgência foi maior do que em caráter eletivo. A taxa de internação apresentou tendência decrescente e a taxa de letalidade hospitalar, tendência de incremento de 0,2% a cada ano. A análise de índice de desenvolvimento humano médio e taxa de internação mostrou correlação moderada positiva entre essas variáveis e as regiões do país. Houve maior custo médio em reais por internação hospitalar em caráter eletivo e a região Centro-Oeste obteve maior média de custo financeiro (por guia autorizada) nesta modalidade. Conclusão: Observa-se um elevado número de internações por estes tipos de câncer no Brasil, além de um acentuado custo e alta média de permanência hospitalar, sendo variável entre as regiões do país.
Aim: To analyze hospital admission for oral and pharyngeal cancer in Brazil and regions from 2008 to 2017. Methods: This study analyzed the hospitalizations for this neoplasm registered in the Hospital Information System available in DATASUS/MS between 2008 and 2017. Results: A total of 263,556 hospitalizations were registered. The Southeast presented the highest frequency of cases (44.3%). The highest hospitalization rate occurred in the South (19.6/100 thousand). The highest rates of lethality were found in the North (12.7%) and Southeast (12.3%). There was a predominance of hospitalizations in the private care (53.5%) and emergency care (53.5%) sectors in Brazil. The mean hospital stay was 6.4 days. The case fatality rate was higher than the elective rate. The hospitalization rate declined, and the hospital lethality rate showed a tendency toward an increase of 0.2% per year. The correlation analysis of the average human development index and the hospitalization rates were moderately positive between the variables and the regions of the country. There was a higher average cost in reais for hospital admission on an elective basis, and the Mid-West region obtained a higher average financial cost (per authorized guide) in this modality. Conclusion: It was possible to verify a high number of hospitalizations for these types of cancer in Brazil, in addition to a high cost and average hospital stay, which tend to vary throughout the country.