Color blindness: forensic perspective.

Color vision deficiency is a condition in which certain colors can not be distinguished, and is most commonly due to an inherited condition. Being color blind does keep one from performing certain jobs and makes other difficult. Compared to persons with normal color vision, they have some trouble differentiating between certain colors, but the severity of the color deficiency is variable. Color blindness is normally diagnosed through clinical testing- Ishihara color test is one of the most common tests used. It is mainly useful for quick screening. From a practical stand point though, many protanomalous and deteranomalous people breeze through life with very little difficulty doing tasks that require normal color vision but in some professions a normal color vision is a necessary requisite. This article focuses on the forensic perspective of abnormal color vision and future research and guidelines for assessing an individual for colour vision.

Weights of human organs at autopsy in Chandigarh zone of north-west India.

Mean organ weights in 2025 subjects who died and autopsied at Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh revealed that they in general were heavier than reported from other parts of India. Various organs continued to attain their maximum weight up to 40-50 years of age.

Recent advances in lie detection.

Lie detection techniques are utilized by investigating agencies in a wide variety of fields, such as Defence, Secret Services, Terrorism, as the veracity of statements cannot be taken at face value.

Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of breast lumps and its histopathological correlation.

Lumps in breast may be due to benign or malignant lesions. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is a quick, simple and inexpensive procedure in diagnosis of these lesions. This helps the clinician in planning the correct surgical or medical treatment. Two hundred and twenty two fine needle aspirations were done on breast lesions. There were 205 satisfactory smears out of which 144 were benign lesions, 61 malignant lesions. Seventeen were unsatisfactory smears. Histopathology correlation was done in 126 benign lesions, 44 malignant lesions and 12 unsatisfactory smears. The cytological correlation for benign and malignant lesions was 91.09% and 91.6%, respectively. There were false negatives which were due to extensive necrosis or due to scanty aspirate. There were no false positives in this study.