An Anatomical Study of Adult Sacrum With its Emphasis on its Sexual Dimorphism in South Indian Populition.

Aim: To study the various morphometric parameters of the dry sacra of unknown sex in South Indian population in detail and to determine their demarcating points in order to increase the efficiency of sexing in the given population. Methods: 87 dry adult human sacrum of known sex (42 males and 45 females), belonging to South Indian (Karnataka) region were obtained. Various parameters like Length (L), breadths (B), Transverse diameter of the body of the 1st sacral vertebrae (TS1) & Curved Length of Sacrum (CL) were obtained. From these parameters, Sacral Index (SI), Curvature Index (CI) and Corporo-basal Index (CBI) were calculated & from the obtained values demarking points (D.P) were calculated. The values were stastically analyzed. Results: Among these parameters, the values for the Length (L), Curved Length (CL) and Sacral Index (SI) were stastically significant Conclusion: Length (L), Curved Length (CL) and Sacral Index (SI) were useful parameters and by obtaining their demarking points, it helps in sexing the sacrum with greater accuracy.

An Anatomical Study of Foramen Spinosum in South Indian Dry Skulls with its Emphasis on Morphology and Morphometry.

Aim: To study themorphological details and to evaluate themorphometry of the Foramen Spinosum in the base of dry human skulls in South Indian population. Methods: 82 dry adult human skulls of unknown sex and of South Indian origin were obtained and variations in appearance were observed. The length and width of the Foramen Spinosum on both sides were determined using vernier calipers and area (A) was calculated and analyzed. Also, its mean distance from the midline on both the sides was noted and analyzed. Results: The values for the right side were 3.425± 0.637mm, 2.687± 0.487mm and 7.357 ± 2.195 mm2 and for the left side the values were 3.339 ± 0.660mm, 2.675 ± 0.465 mm and 7.110± 2.103 mm2 respectively, for the mean length,mean breadth andmean area of the Foramen Spinosum. Also, the shape of the Foramen Spinosum was typically round in most of the skulls studied (53.65%) and it was little away from midline on the left side. Conclusion: By analyzing the length, width and area of the Foramen Spinosum on both the sides, there was no statistical difference for the values obtained and these values were comparable with the studies done in the past.