Bilateral Occurrence of the Vestigial Muscle Psoas Minor.

Muscles which regress during the process of evolution are called as vestigial muscles. One of them in humans is psoas minor, which sometimes forms a part of the posterior abdominal wall. It is clinically significant in relation to sportsmedicine and as a differential diagnosis for certain conditions. The following article presents a case report in a 60 year old male cadaver with bilateral psoas minor.

Anomalous Left Vertebral Artery from Arch of Aorta: A Thought For Surgeons.

Arterial variations in the branching pattern of arch of aorta are uncommon and may occur as a result of developmental changes in the fusion and absorption of various pharyngeal arch arteries into the aortic sac. The present case report describes a finding in amale cadaver aged between 60- 65 years about the origin of left vertebral artery directly fromthe arch of aorta. Such variations should be kept inmind during surgical procedures in the superior mediastinum.